Serine racemase (SR), localized to astrocytic glia that ensheathe synapses, converts L-serine to D-serine, an endogenous ligand of the NMDA receptor. We report the activation of SR by glutamate neurotransmission involving alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors via glutamate receptor interacting protein (GRIP) and the physiologic regulation of cerebellar granule cell ...

This work describes a novel method of urinary oxalate determination based on a catalase model compound MnL(H2O)2(ClO4)2 (L 1⁄4 bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino)propionic acid). Urinary oxalate is first decomposed by the oxalate oxidase into carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide. The later is then disproportionated into water and oxygen by the catalase model compound forming a color compound, which can ...

The proteolytic processing of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is regulated by neurotransmitters. Stimulation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) has been shown to increase the release of soluble amyloid precursor protein derivatives (APPs) from cultured cells. We examined the effects of mGluR agonists on APP processing in cortical and hippocampal slices from rat brain. Incubat...

The effects of transgalactosylated disaccharide (TD) intake on human fecal microflora and their metabolism were investigated in 12 Japanese males. TD is a mixture of sugars, galactosyl galactose, and galactosyl glucose, synthesized from lactose through the transgalactosylation reaction of Streptococcus thermophilus beta-galactosidase. Volunteers took 15 g of the test sugar daily for 6 days. The...

Before we could understand the transport interactions between the neutral and the basic amino acids, we needed to answer four questions: 1. To what extent do diamino acids actually react with transport systems in their neutral forms? First, a,fl-diamino propionic acid, pK; = 6.7, was shown to behave in transport almost entirely as a neutral amino acid, an analogue to serine and alanine in one n...

The dissociations of two types of copper(II)-containing complexes of tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr), or phenylalanine (Phe) are described. The first type is the bis-amino acid complex, [Cu(M)2] , where M = Trp, Tyr, or Phe; the second [Cu(4Cl-tpy)(M)] , where 4Cl-tpy is the tridendate ligand 40-chloro-2,20:60,200-terpyridine. Dissociations of the Cu(II) bis-amino acid complexes produce abunda...

The dissociations of two types of copper(II)-containing complexes of tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr), or phenylalanine (Phe) are described. The first type is the bis-amino acid complex, [Cu(II)(M)(2)].(2+), where M = Trp, Tyr, or Phe; the second [Cu(II)(4Cl-tpy)(M)].(2+), where 4Cl-tpy is the tridendate ligand 4'-chloro-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine. Dissociations of the Cu(ii) bis-amino acid comple...

Quantitative autoradiography was used to examine the density and distribution of excitatory amino acid (EAA) binding site subtypes in the principal sensory and spinal trigeminal nuclei of the rat trigeminal complex. The highest densities of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA), kainate and metabotropic receptors were found in the superfici...

The effects of a microbial inoculant (containing propionic and lactic acid bacteria) and formic acid onchemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM) and nutrient digestibility of corn silage wereexamined. Whole-plant corn was ensiled for 60 days in plastic polyethylene bags, and three treatments werecompared, 1: control (no additive), 2: Propionibacterium acidipropionici plus L...

Hay producers working in humid environments are wellacquainted with the consequences of baling moist hays, which include heating, molding, losses of dry matter (DM) and nutritive value, and the possibility of spontaneous combustion. These problems are initiated through respiration by active plant cells and/or microorganisms associated with the hay that consume plant sugars in the presence of ox...