Poor aqueous solubility and dissolution limit the oral bioavailability of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class II drugs. In this study, we aimed to improve raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX), a BCS drug, using self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). Based on solubilities RLX, Capryol 90, Tween 80/Labrasol ALF, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) were selected as oil, surfac...

Abstract Background Cilnidipine, a calcium channel blocker, is the first-line drug for hypertension and belongs to Biopharmaceutics Classification System II. To mitigate its extensive first-pass metabolism improve patient compliance, present study was performed develop characterize solid dispersion-based orodispersible tablets. Results The phase solubility with polyvinyl pyrrolidone 15% has sho...

Objective: Felodipine (FD) is an effective Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II calcium channel blocker mainly used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris. It has poor solubility low oral bioavailability (15%). To overcome these disadvantages to maintain constant plasma concentration for maximum therapeutic activity, there a need design alternative route, that is, tran...

Etravirine is an antiviral belonging to biopharmaceutics classification system class IV due low aqueous solubility and poor permeability. In this study, augment the dissolution profile of etravirine, solid lipid nanoparticles have been formulated by utilizing mixture Compritol® 888 ATO Gelucire® 50/13 as lipids poloxamer 188 surfactant hot homogenization technique. Effect variables, ratio lipid...

Literature data are reviewed on the properties of acetaminophen (paracetamol) related to the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). According to the current BCS criteria, acetaminophen is BCS Class III compound. Differences in composition seldom, if ever, have an effect on the extent of absorption. However, some studies show differences in rate of absorption between brands and formulatio...

Bupropion and its three active metabolites exhibit clinical efficacy in the treatment of major depression, seasonal depression and smoking cessation. The pharmacokinetics of bupropion in humans is highly variable. It is not known if there are any non-reported metabolites formed in humans in addition to the three known active metabolites. This paper reports newly identified and non-reported meta...