نتایج جستجو برای: biomass loss
تعداد نتایج: 506682 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Ecosystem engineers change abiotic conditions, community assembly and ecosystem functioning. Consequently, their loss may modify thresholds of ecosystem response to disturbance and undermine ecosystem stability. This study investigates how loss of the bioturbating lugworm Arenicola marina modifies the response to macroalgal detrital enrichment of sediment biogeochemical properties, microphytobe...
Large scale biofuel production will be possible only if significant quantities of biomass feedstock can be stored, transported, and processed in an economic and sustainable manner. Torrefaction has the potential to significantly reduce the cost of transportation, storage, and downstream processing through the improvement of physical and chemical characteristics of biomass. The main objective of...
Fertilizer with different ratios of nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) can influence crop plant performance and defense against herbivores. Spodoptera exigua is an important agricultural pest that has caused serious economic loss, especially in recent decades. In the present study, we explored effects of different intensities and durations of S. exigua herbivory on host plant biomass and on S. exig...
Torrefaction kinetics of Norwegian biomass fuels, including spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) was studied using a thermogravimetric analyser. Small samples of approximately 10 mg and particle size of 63−125 μm were heated at a constant heating rate of 5 °C/min and kept afterwards for 4 hours in isothermal conditions at different temperatures (230, 240, 250, 260, 270 and 280 °C). A two-step...
In a recent issue of PNAS, Hansen et al. (1) did an excellent job of arguing for the need for a more consistent data set to investigate changes in global forest cover. The indicator they chose, gross forest cover loss (GFCL), marks an improvement both in reproducibility and comparability. However, it does so by using data that the authors themselves state “captures only part of the global fores...
Amazon forests, which store ∼ 50% of tropical forest carbon and play a vital role in global water, energy, and carbon cycling, are predicted to experience both longer and more intense dry seasons by the end of the 21st century. However, the climate sensitivity of this ecosystem remains uncertain: several studies have predicted large-scale die-back of the Amazon, whereas several more recent stud...
The North Wyke Farm Platform (NWFP) provides data from the field- to the farm-scale, enabling the research community to address key issues in sustainable agriculture better and to test models that are capable of simulating soil, plant and animal processes involved in the systems. The tested models can then be used to simulate how agro-ecosystems will respond to changes in the environment and ma...
Determining how ecosystem function and services are related to diversity is necessary for predicting the consequences of diversity loss and for setting goals and priorities for marine conservation. The consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystem functions and services depend on the level of functional redundancy – the number of species with similar ecological functional traits. Using field ...
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown that nitrogen (N) deposition decreases biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems. To explain the N-induced species loss, three functionally based hypotheses have been proposed: the aboveground competition hypothesis, the belowground competition hypothesis, and the total competition hypothesis. However, none of them is supported sufficiently by field experimen...
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