today, lasers are widely used in biology and medicine, and the majority of healthcenters and hospitals utilize modern laser systems for diagnosis and therapy applications.researchers have introduced different medical applications for different lasers used in surgeries and other medical treatments. medical lasers can be categorized in both diagnosis and therapy branches. main difference between ...

objective: tissue engineering is an (interdisciplinary field that applies polymeric scaffolds to control tissue formation in three-dinemtion (3d). the scaffold provides the microenvironment (synthetic temporary extracellular matrix) for regenerative cells, supporting cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and neo tissue genesis due to their suitable chemical, physical and biological s...

Orthodontic treatment of individuals with metal hypersensitivity is a matter of concern for the orthodontist. Orthodontic appliances contain metals like Nickel, Cobalt and Chromium etc. Metals may cause allergic reactions and are known as allergens. Reaction to these metals is due to biodegradation of metals in the oral cavity. This may lead to the formation of corrosion products and their expo...

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is widely used in industry and medicine; however, it causes a significant health hazard by making microscopic damage to living tissue. Various biological parameters, including cell survival fraction and relative biological effectiveness, are taken into account to assess the severity and extent of biological damages. Microdosimetry suffe...

background: development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has led to designing scaffolds and their modification to provide a better microenvironment which mimics the natural niche of the cells. gelatin surface modification was applied to improve scaffold flexibility and cytocompatibility. methods: plla/pcl aligned fibrous scaffold was fabricated using electrospinning method. adscs...

Bone tissue engineering has been one of the most promising areas of research, providing a potential clinical application to cure bone defects. Recently, various stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs), adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), muscle-derived stem cell...