BACKGROUND Regular physical activity improves physical and mental health, yet children's physical activity levels were low in England's 2014 Report Card. Within this paper, we update the 2014 Report Card to assess current information for the 9 indicators of physical activity. METHODS A search for nationally representative data on 9 indicators of physical activity was conducted and the data we...

Lipid bilayers forming biological membranes are known to behave as viscous two-dimensional fluids on submicrometer scales; usually they contain a large number of active protein inclusions. Recently, it was shown [A. S. Mikhailov and R. Kapral, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112, E3639 (2015)PNASA60027-842410.1073/pnas.1506825112] that such active proteins should induce nonthermal fluctuating lipid ...

Multidrug (Mdr) transporters are membrane proteins that actively export structurally dissimilar drugs from the cell, thereby rendering the cell resistant to toxic compounds. Similar to substrate-specific transporters, Mdr transporters also undergo substrate-induced conformational changes. However, the mechanism by which a variety of dissimilar substrates are able to induce similar transport-com...

Keratin are among the most abundant proteins in epithelial cells. Functions of the keratin network in cells are shaped by their dynamical organization. Using a collection of experimentally-driven mathematical models, different hypotheses for the turnover and transport of the keratin material in epithelial cells are tested. The interplay between turnover and transport and their effects on the ke...

The spatial-temporal dynamics of delivered DNA is a critical aspect influencing successful gene delivery. A comprehensive model of DNA lipoplex trafficking through live cells has yet to be demonstrated. Here the bioimaging approaches Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy (RICS) and image-Means Square Displacement (iMSD) were applied to quantify DNA mechanical dynamics in live cells. DNA lipople...

We find a statistical mechanism that can adjust orientations of intracellular filaments to cell geometry in the absence of organizing centers. The effect is based on random and isotropic filament (de-)polymerization dynamics and is independent of filament interactions and explicit regulation. It can be understood by an analogy to electrostatics and appears to be induced by the confining boundar...

BACKGROUND Active transport can contribute to physical activity accumulation and improved health in adults. The built environment is an established associate of active transport behaviours; however, assessment of environmental features encountered during journeys remains challenging. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of wearable cameras to objectively audit and quantify envir...

BACKGROUND Since a decline in activity levels occurs in adolescence, active transport could be important to increase daily physical activity in older adolescents (17-18 years). To promote active transport, it is necessary to be aware of the barriers and facilitators of this type of transport, but also of other transport modes. This study sought to uncover the factors influencing the choice of t...

Voltage noise analysis is applied to plasmalemma ion transport in Chara corallina. There is a component in the noise power spectrum that is probably associated with current fluctuations within passive transport channels, and another component that may be associated either with fluctuations in the number of open channels, or with active transport. The data allow the calculation of time constants...