P roducer services, a collection of business-tobusiness service industries, have become an important source of job generation across America. In fact, 9.3 million of the 30.1 million new jobs created in the United States from 1974 to 1991 were in the producer services industry, the largest growth of any broad industrial sector in the nation. Has the rural Heartland shared in this producer servi...

Herbivorous top-down forces and bottom-up competition for nutrients determine the coexistence and relative biomass patterns of producer species. Combining models of predator-prey and producer-nutrient interactions with a structural model of complex food webs, I investigated these two aspects in a dynamic food-web model. While competitive exclusion leads to persistence of only one producer speci...

Objective: Microorganisms are responsible for many problems in industry and medicine because of biofilm formation. Therefore, this study was aimed to examine the effect of Thymus vulgaris (T. vulgaris) extracts on the planktonic form and biofilm structures of six pathogenic bacteria. Materials and methods: Antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts against the planktonic form of the bacteri...

abstract biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms residing within a polysaccharide and/or protein matrix. biofilm can be produced by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. both gram positive and gram negative bacteria have this ability. resistance of biofilm to antimicrobial agents is becoming a global issue. bacterial biofilms are important in various aspects such as chronic human ...

Objective(s): Staphylococcus aureus can cause several infections. Its capability to form biofilm has been reported to be a vital property involved in the bacteria’s pathogenesis. Various genes contributing to biofilm formation have not yet been completely clarified. This study was designed to evaluate the factors influencing adherence and biofilm formation in S. aureus...

Objective(s): Biofilm formation is one of the most important factors in the development of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, the expression levels of genes responsible for biofilm formation were studied in methicillin sensitive and methicillin resistant S. aureus.Materials and Methods: A total of 100 meticillin-r...

Background: Some microorganisms can adhere to food handling surfaces forming biofilms that pose a safety challenge. This study was done to evaluate bacterial biofilm formation in milking equipments in Lilongwe, Malawi. Methods: Pooled milk (n=54) and water (n=60) samples were collected from households and milk bulking groups in Lilongwe, Malawi. Swabbing (n=46) and rinsing (n=16) were done on ...

Background: The health benefits of probiotic bacteria are not unknown to anyone. On the other hand, indigenous dairy sources are a potential source of native probiotics. This study aimed to describe the inhibitory activity of Cell-Free Supernatant (CFS), planktonic cells, and biofilm form of Lactobacillus strains isolated from native dairy sources on food pathogens. Methods: Antibacterial acti...

Streptococcus mutans and Fusobacterium nucleatum are two key bacteria of the oral microbiota. Due to their ability form biofilms on tissues, they both involved in onset most common diseases. F. is also principal producer hydrogen sulfide (H2S), causative awkward bad breath halitosis. In this study, product Vea® Oris, made by vitamin E capric/caprylic acid only, was evaluated as a potential trea...