Bio-aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes, BTX) were prepared by the catalytic pyrolysis of six different black liquors using both in situ and ex situ approaches. A wide range of catalysts was screened and conditions were optimized in microscale reactors. Up to 7 wt % of BTX, based on the organic fraction of the black liquors, was obtained for both the in situ and ex situ pyrolysis (T = 500-600 ...

Hydroxyapatite bio-ceramic powder was synthesized using waste eggshells as calcium source by a straight forward thermal method. The process is carried out at high temperature. Different calcium phosphate phases were obtained just by changing the thermal treatment. HAp is the only apatite present in the reaction products, along with minute fractions of other calcium compounds. The final product ...

Towards the development of (bio)degradable polymers with medical relevance a non-radical thiolene synthesis route is investigated. In this work, step growth polymerization based on Michael addition click reactions is presented. Homotelechelic RAFT polymers were conjugated leading to polymers with molar weight distribution typical for a step growth polymerization, tailing up to 100 000 g∙mol-1 i...

Pannorin, a naphthopyrone that inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, was isolated from a culture broth of Chrysosporium pannorum M10539 by solvent extraction, Bio-Gel P-6 column chromatography and reverse phase HPLC (Silica ODS). Spectroscopic analyses of the compound yielded 4,8,10-trihydroxy-5-methyl-2H-naphtho[1...

We have demonstrated an improved synthesis of a cyclic carbonate of soybean oil (CSO) utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) as the solvent. Because the mutual solubility of supercritical CO2 and soybean oil is significantly higher than that of gaseous CO2 and soybean oil, our method synthesizes the material in y1/3 of the reaction time reported in the literature. We have also demonstrate...

Three-step synthesis of 6-amino-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridinones from homoallylamines involving NBS-mediated cyclization of N-(3-butenyl)ureas to 6-(bromomethyl)-2-iminourethanes, dehydrohalogenation and a novel rearrangement as a key step has been developed. The scope and limitations of the method, as well as the mechanism of the rearrangement, supported by kinetic studies and the isolation of N-(1-a...

D-Ribose was converted into 3 novel carbobicyclic nucleosides bearing a bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane framework in 16-19 steps with 5-12% overall yields involving a Wittig olefination and an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction as the key steps. The present synthesis also provides an efficient entry for chiral hydrindenones. The conformation studies of these carbanucleosides and their bio-evaluation as p...

Peptides are fragments of proteins that carry out biological functions. They act as signaling entities via all domains life and interfere with protein-protein interactions, which indispensable in bio-processes. Short peptides include fundamental molecular information for a prelude to the symphony life. have aroused considerable interest due their unique features great promise innovative bio-the...

Digital Microfluidic Biochips (DMFB’s) consist of Two-Dimensional (2-D) microarrays that are integrated with different healthcare related cyberphysical systems and expected to be used extensively in near future. Thus, faster and error-free synthesis techniques need to be implemented on such chips. Various Bio-protocols are performed based on different mixing modules present on the chip until no...

Humans are expert in the amount of sensory data they deal with each moment. Human brain not only “analyses” these data but also starts “synthesizing” new information from the existing data. The current age Big-data systems are needed not just to analyze data but also to come up new interpretation. We believe that the pivotal ability in human brain which enables us to do this is what is known as...