We study the transient response of a Brownian particle with general damping in a system of metastable potential well. The escape rate is evaluated as a function of time after an infinite wall is removed from the potential barrier. It takes a relaxation time for the rate to reach its limit value and this rate relaxation time differs from the relaxation time of the majority of the probability aro...

CRISPR/Cas technology allows rapid, site-specific genome modification in a wide variety of organisms. CRISPR components produced by integrated transgenes have been shown to mutagenise some genomic target sites in Drosophila melanogaster with high efficiency, but whether this is a general feature of this system remains unknown. Here, we systematically evaluate available CRISPR/Cas reagents and e...

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Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) has been a problem for patients, following dural puncture, since August Bier reported the first case in 1898. His paper discussed the pathophysiology of low-pressure headache resulting from leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid to the epidural space. Clinical and laboratory research over the last 30 years has shown that use of small-gauge ...

We present polyhedral models for isoparametric families in the sphere with at most three principal curvatures. Each member of the family (including the analogues of the focal sets) is tight in the boundary complex of an ambient convex polytope. In particular, the tube around the real (or complex) Veronese surface is represented as a tight polyhedron in 5-space (or 8-space). The examples are bas...

T issue’s “From the Editors” column is coauthored with all the associate editors, to emphasize their major role in the leadership of the journal. We first review this year’s operations and thank our editorial board and referees. Our first article, by David J. Johnstone, Victor Richmond R. Jose, and Robert L. Winkler, presents “Tailored Scoring Rules for Probabilities,” which take into account t...

foreign words by experienced and inexperienced learners. Language Learning, 47, 507–546.Weiller, C., Isensee, C., Rijntjes, M., Huber, W., Muller, S., & Bier, D. et al. (1995). Recovery fromWernicke’s aphasia: A positron emission tomographic study. Annals of Neurology, 37(6), 723–732. Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Sc...