A twoperson non-zero-sum bimatrix game (A, B) is defined to be completely mixed if every solution gives a positive probability to each pure strategy of each player. Such a game is defined to be nonsingular if both payoff matrices are nonsingular. Suppose that A is perturbed to A + aG and B is perturbed to B + aH, where C and H are matrices of the same size as A and B, and OL is a small real num...

First-order (i.e., gradient-based) methods for solving two-person zero-sum sequential games of imperfect information have recently become important tools in the construction of game theory-based agents. The computation time per iteration is typically dominated by matrix-vector product operations involving the payoff matrix A. In this paper, we describe two techniques for scaling up this operati...

Many studies focus on inventory systems to analyze different real-world situations. This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain that includes one warehouse and one retailer with stochastic demand and an up-to-level policy. The retailer’s lead time includes the transportation time from the warehouse to the retailer that is unknown to the retailer. On the other hand, the warehouse is unaware ...

The zero-sum matrix game is one of the most classic game models, and it is widely used in many scientific and engineering fields. In the real world, due to the complexity of the decision-making environment, sometimes the payoffs received by players may be inexact or uncertain, which requires that the model of matrix games has the ability to represent and deal with imprecise payoffs. To meet suc...

Pricing is one of the major aspects of decision making in supply chain. In the previous works mostly a centralized environment is considered indicating the retailers cannot independently apply their decisions on the pricing strategy. Although in a two-echelon decentralized environment it may be possible that supply chain contributors have encountered with different market power situations which...

In this paper, a bi-level game-theoretic model is proposed to investigate the effects of governmental financial intervention on green supply chain. This problem is formulated as a bi-level program for a green supply chain that produces various products with different environmental pollution levels. The problem is also regard uncertainties in market demand and sale price of raw materials and pro...