The aim of this paper is to review the Mathematics Grammar Library (MGL) approach to multilingual mathematics and to present gfsage, a prototype of a multilingual interface to Sage. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 68N18. 68T30, 68T50, 68W30.

Much work has studied the e¤ect of di¤erent treatments of missing values on model induction, but little work has analyzed treatments for the common case of missing values at prediction time. This paper …rst compares several di¤erent methods— predictive value imputation, the distribution-based imputation used by C4.5, and using reduced models— for applying classi…cation trees to instances with m...

Andrew Granville Department of Mathematics, University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-7403 and J.L. Selfridge Department of Mathematics, Northern Illinois University De Kalb, IL 60115 Submitted: September 5, 2000; Accepted: January 15, 2001 Abstract: We prove a conjecture of Irving Kaplansky which asserts that between any pair of consecutive positive ...

it is used in educational settings in teaching mathematics and reading instruction. aim: the present study examined the impact of direct instruction program on learning math concepts (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) in children with mathematics disorder. methods: to fulfill the stated goal three students who were referred to malmir’s learning disability research center in ya...

This article is a report concerning the two years of the XML Mining track at INEX (2005 and 2006). We focus here on the classication and clustering of XML documents. We detail these two tasks and the corpus used for this challenge and then present a summary of the di erent methods proposed by the participants. We last compare the results obtained during the two years of the track.

In this article, we review unsupervised neural network learning procedures which can be applied to the task of preprocessing raw data to extract useful features for subsequent classication. The learning algorithms reviewed here are grouped into three sections: informationpreserving methods, density estimation methods, and feature extraction methods. Each of these major sections concludes with a...

This applied research was designed to analyze the effectiveness of inquiry-based instruction as compared to teacher-directed instruction in 5th-grade mathematics and science courses at the subject school. The subject school modified mathematics and science curriculum for 3 years and became an Alabama Math, Science, and Technology (AMSTI) [2009] school. AMSTI provided extensive professional deve...

Partly this noninterest in mathematical expertise reflects an attitude widespread among educators [Hi] that “facts”, and indeed all subject matter, are secondary in importance to a generalized, subject-independent teaching skill and the development of “higherorder thinking”. Concerning mathematics in particular, the study [Be] is often cited as evidence for the irrelevance of subject matter kno...

“reasoning involving proof—the one compelling argument for teaching mathematics” in the new national draft curriculum (ACARA, 2010). The rationale for the subject Queensland Senior Mathematics B (Queensland Studies Authority, 2008) includes the aim that students should appreciate the “nature of proof” and “the contribution of mathematics to human culture and progress”. Although the study of pro...