PURPOSE To investigate the effect and safety of benzalkonium chloride on transscleral drug delivery in the rabbit after continuous intrascleral administration. METHODS Betamethasone 21-phosphate (BP) aqueous solutions, with or without benzalkonium chloride (BAK), were continuously administered to albino rabbit sclera with an osmotic pump for 1 week. The BP concentrations in the aqueous humor,...

This study was performed to assess the in vivo ocular toxicity of benzalkonium chloride (BAK) homologs compared with commercially available BAK (BAK mixture) and to assess the ocular toxicity of BAK homolog after repeated ocular application. Rabbit eyes were examined by ophthalmology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 10 applications of BAK homologs with C12 (C12-BAK) and C14 (C14-BAK...

The mechanisms of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to benzalkonium chloride (BC) were studied. The effluence of cell components was observed in susceptible P. aeruginosa by electron microscopy, but resistant P. aeruginosa seemed to be undamaged. No marked changes in cell surface potential between Escherichia coli NIHJC-2 and a spheroplast strain were found. The contents of phospholipids (PL...

Purpose: This study compared the clinical parameters and histological findings according to benzalkonium chloride concentration (BAC; 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%) for inducing experimental dry eye (EDE) in a rabbit model.Methods: Rabbits were divided into four groups BAC concentration: untreated group, 0.2% BAC. was instilled topically both eyes of rabbits twice daily until they euthanized after 14 days....

A comparison has been made of the sensitivities to various antibiotic and non-antibiotic substances of some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. stutzeri, the latter including strains isolated from eye and other cosmetic products and from other sources. Whereas P. aeruginosa strains showed a high resistance to cetrimide and to benzalkonium chloride, the P. stutzeri strains were generally mo...

The development of artificial micromotors is one of the greatest challenges of modern nanotechnology. Even though many kinds of motors have been published in recent times, systematic studies on the influence of components of the fuel solution are widely missing. Therefore, the autonomous movement of Pt-microtubes and Pt-covered silica particles is comparatively observed in the presence and abse...

Cross-linked poly(N-benzyl-4-vinylpyridinium halide) (designated insoluble BVP) was previously reported to capture bacterial cells alive by contact with them. The corresponding linear polymer poly(N-benzyl-4-vinylpyridinium salt) (designated soluble BVP) was found to exhibit antibacterial activity. This soluble pyridinium-type polymer showed strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive b...

Preservatives are added to eye drops in order increase the shelf life of these medications. However, preservatives may have some adverse effects on eye. Various preserved ocular medications been pointed out by multiple investigators time and again. These most medicines today’s practice. Given fact that many patients need instill for long periods, such as anti-glaucoma medications, be taken into...