Objective. Infants with intestinal failure or feeding intolerance are nutritionally compromised and are at risk for extrauterine growth restriction. The aim of the study was to evaluate growth velocities of infants with intestinal failure and feeding intolerance for the first three months of age and to determine growth percentiles at birth and at 40-week postmenstrual age (PMA). Methods. A char...

We used a one-compartment, first-order pharmacokinetic model to predict the infant body burden of dioxin-like compounds that results from breast-feeding. Validation testing of the model showed a good match between predictions and measurements of dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs) in breast-fed infants, and the exercise highlighted the importance of the assumption of the rate of dissipation of TEQs...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate antiretroviral drug concentrations in mothers and infants enrolled under the Option B-Plus approach for the prevention of HIV mother-to-child transmission in Malawi and to assess the maternal virological response after 1 year of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-seven women and 25 children were studied. Mothers were administered during pregnancy a combination of ten...

We investigated whether adults and infants aged 3, 5, and 9 months perceive the unity and boundaries of visible objects in accord with the Gestalt relations of color and texture similarity, good continuation, or good form. Adults and infants were presented with simple but unfamiliar displays in which all three Gestalt relations specified either one object or two objects-perception of the object...

Objective: There is a paucity of data on the micronutrient status of low-income, lactating South African women and their infants under 6 months of age. The aim of this study was to elucidate the level of anaemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in peri-urban breast-feeding women and their young infants. Design: Cross-sectional study including anthropometric, biochemical and infant feeding data. S...

This study aimed to analyze the iron deficiency index and erythrocyte parameters in anemic pregnant women and their newborns, and explore their implications for anemia during pregnancy. Pregnant women (70) in the third trimester with hemoglobin (Hb) <100 g/L who registered and delivered from June 2012-2013 were randomly selected as the observation group, 70 pregnant women at similar gestational...

Five hundred and thirty-seven children admitted to Hospital Dr. Notti and diagnosed with invasive pneumococcal disease between 1993 and 2011 were studied. Their median age was 19 months (range= 0-192 months); 34.82% were <1 year old and 23.46%, >60 months old. Pneumonia with or without effusion (48.04%) and meningitis (29.05%) were the most predominant conditions, with a case fatality rate of 6...

Pertussis or whooping cough is a vaccine-preventable disease that still remains a serious infection in neonates and young infants. The disease is particularly severe in infants less than three months old, who are often infected by their parents. Congenital nephrotic syndrome is a rare entity presenting within the first three months. It encompasses a heterogeneous group of entities with genetic,...

Concentrations of copper (Cu) and ceruloplasmin in serum were measured serially in 49 preterm infants with mean (+/- SEM) birth weights of 979 +/- 33 g and gestational ages of 28.4 +/- 0.3 weeks at three, six, nine, and 12 months postpartum. Serial radiographic studies showed 17 infants with (group A) and 32 infants without (group B) rickets or fractures. Cu and ceruloplasmin concentrations in ...