نتایج جستجو برای: being as public goods

تعداد نتایج: 6033924  

پایان نامه :دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره) - قزوین - دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی 1388

nowadays,tourism industry considered as one of the main sources of income of a country.unfortunately and despite of owning plenty of cultural historical and natural attractions, iran has not reached to a proper position in this field. besides, the historical cities of a country are considered as the income resource and national wealth of it. qazvin with a rich cultural precedent, have suitable ...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2017
Juan-Camilo Cárdenas Marco A Janssen Manita Ale Ram Bastakoti Adriana Bernal Juthathip Chalermphol Yazhen Gong Hoon Shin Ganesh Shivakoti Yibo Wang John M Anderies

Smallholder agricultural systems, strongly dependent on water resources and investments in shared infrastructure, make a significant contribution to food security in developing countries. These communities are being increasingly integrated into the global economy and are exposed to new global climate-related risks that may affect their willingness to cooperate in community-level collective acti...

2013
Wei - Bin Zhang

This study proposes a spatial model to examine dynamic interactions among growth, economic geography, the housing market, and public goods in a small, open economic growth model. We emphasize the impact of transport, land and fiscal policy on the spatial economy. The economy consists of the industrial sector, housing sector and local public goods. The model synthesizes the main ideas in the neo...

پایان نامه :دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرمسار - پژوهشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی 1390

this study was an attempt to investigate and compare the effect of lexical inferencing and concept mapping on developing vocabulary retention of iranian language learners. sixty homogeneous students from different intact classes who were being taught as intermediate learners in sokhan english institute participated in this study. they were in different classes. a teacher made test as a pre-test...

2005
René Böheim Karin Mayr IZA Bonn

Immigration and Public Spending We examine the effect of immigration on public spending from a theoretical (political economic) and an empirical perspective. We distinguish between public spending on private goods and on public goods. Our model implies that whether immigration increases or decreases public spending primarily depends on native’s preferences for private versus public good spendin...

2003
Alistair Munro Marieta Valente

An impure public good is a commodity that combines public and private characteristics in fixed proportions. Green goods such as dolphin-friendly tuna or green electricity programs provide increasingly popular examples of impure public goods. We design an experiment to test how the presence of impure public goods affects pro-social behaviour. We set parameters, such that from a theoretical point...

1997
Michael Reiter Alfons J Weichenrieder Ramon Trias Fargas

The paper shows that some frequently used measures of the degree of public ness of publicly provided goods and club goods are seriously a ected by metrization problems The paper proposes measures that do not depend on arbitrary metriza tion conventions and discusses the relationship of these measures to the question of private provision and optimal club size Addresses of the authors send corres...

پایان نامه :0 1374

to discuss my point, i have collected quite a number of articles, anthologies, and books about "wuthering heights" applying various ideas and theories to this fantastic story. hence, i have come to believe that gadamer and jauss are rightful when they claim that "the individaul human mind is the center and origin of all meaning," 3 that reading literature is a reader-oriented activity, that it ...

2009
Felix Bierbrauer Pierre Boyer Alia Gizatulina Martin Hellwig Jos Jansen

The literature on public goods has shown that efficient outcomes are impossible if participation constraints have to be respected. This paper addresses the question whether they should be imposed. It asks under what conditions efficiency considerations justify that individuals are forced to pay for public goods that they do not value. It is shown that participation constraints are desirable if ...

Journal: :Int. J. Game Theory 2010
Fan-Chin Kung

Many public goods that are provided by coalitions have a group-size e¤ect. Namely, people prefer to consume a public good in a larger coalition. This paper studies local public goods games with anonymous and separable group-size e¤ect. The core is nonempty when coalition feasible sets are monotonic and players’preferences over public goods satisfy a condition called cardinal connectedness. More...

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