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Abstract Reproduction is costly. Despite this, evidence suggests that parents sometimes feed unrelated offspring. Several hypotheses could explain this puzzling phenomenon. Adults offspring are 1) of their close social associates to facilitate these juveniles’ integration into network (the inheritance hypothesis), 2) potential extrapair offspring, 3) at a similar developmental stage as own, 4) ...

In Padangsidempuan, Indonesia, the Sangkumpal Bonang market is a prominent place for individuals begging. A beggar person who earns money in public various ways hopes of receiving charity from others and engages activities by exploiting physical impairments to make feel sorry them. addition, some beggars deliberately create disabilities poverty that lead feelings compassion others. However, the...

Refer to: Magarian G J, Middaugh DA, Linz DH: Hyperventilation syndrome: A diagnosis begging for recognition (Topics in Primary Care Medicine). West J Med 1983 May; 138:733-736. From Ambulatory Care and Medical Services, Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Supported in part by HEW gran...

Recently Oaksford and Hahn (2004) proposed a Bayesian reconstruction of a classic argumentation fallacy Locke’s ‘argument from ignorance.’ Here this account is extended to what is probably the most well-known of all argumentation fallacies: circular reasoning or ‘begging the question’. A Bayesian analysis is shown to clarify when and where circular reasoning is good or bad, and how seeming para...

In the Vanity of the Philosopher, Sandra Peart and David Levy reconsider “postclassical” economics from the vantage point of Adam Smith’s “analytical” egalitarianism. Analytical egalitarianism is assumed, not proved; and Peart and Levy’s criticisms of many 19and early 20-century economists, as well as eugenics in general, depend on equivocating between analytical and substantive egalitarianism....

The: average citizen of the larger towns in Bengal is aware that there are large numbers of begging lepers in the streets. When he thinks of leprosy, he thinks of these unfortunate people, but he seldom asks himself how and why they have reached this terrible state of deformity and wretchedness? The leper beggar of the street is the finished article; where does he come from and what are the sta...