Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, proposed in 1943, has been one of the most cognitively contagious ideas in the behavioral sciences. Anticipating later evolutionary views of human motivation and cognition, Maslow viewed human motives as based in innate and universal predispositions. We revisit the idea of a motivational hierarchy in light of theoretical developments at the interface of evolutio...

Electrical resistivity method was used in carrying out geophysical investigations at the Centre for Energy Research and Training (CERT), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, with a view of determining the depth to the bedrock, thickness of the top soil and weathered basement.Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at forty (40) VES stations. ABEM terrameter (SAS 3...

A 141m-deep ice-core was retrieved from Combatant Col (51.39° N, 125.22° W, 3000m), Mount Waddington, Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. Records of black carbon, dust, lead, and water stable-isotopes show that unambiguous seasonality is preserved throughout the core, despite summer surface snowmelt and temperate ice. High accumulation rates at the site (in excess of 5 m a) limit modific...

The multichannel analysis of surface waves MASW seismic method was used to delineate a fault zone and gently dipping sedimentary bedrock at a site overlain by several meters of regolith. Seismic data were collected rapidly and inexpensively using a towed 30-channel land streamer and a rubberband-accelerated weight-drop seismic source. Data processed using the MASW method imaged the subsurface t...

The selection of half-space or reference sites significantly influences site amplification studies. However, there are no well-defined guidelines in the literature. Generally, a layer with local shear wave velocity (VS) more than 760 m/s is considered bedrock/half-space/reference site. This study attempts to formulate rationale for selecting bedrock stiffness be used as half-space/reference For...

The Bonaparte project is a multi-year bedrock mapping program initiated by the British Columbia Geological Survey during the 2000 field season. The project is focused on Mesozoic arc volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Quesnel Terrane in the northeastern part of the Bonaparte Lake (92P) map sheet (Figure 1). This area encompasses a northwest-trending belt of high mineral potential that includes ...

In this thesis, we investigate the modal logic of forcing and the modal logic of grounds of generic multiverses. Hamkins and Löwe showed that the ZFC-provable modal principles of forcing, as well as of grounds, are exactly the theorems of the modal logic S4.2 (see [16],[17]). We prove that the modal logic of forcing of any generic multiverse is also exactly S4.2 by showing that any model of ZFC...

The observation that “old” water dominates storm runoff suggests that release of low-solute water from soils rather than rainwater must cause storm runoff dilution. This inference is supported by sprinkling experiments in an 860-m catchment in the Oregon Coast Range, in which .200 mm of both high and low ionic strength precipitation produced similar concentration-discharge trends. Rainwater che...

Late Quaternary separation of Britain from mainland Europe is considered to be a consequence of spillover of a large proglacial lake in the Southern North Sea basin. Lake spillover is inferred to have caused breaching of a rock ridge at the Dover Strait, although this hypothesis remains untested. Here we show that opening of the Strait involved at least two major episodes of erosion. Sub-bottom...

Starting with a strong distinction between affect and emotion, a characterization of an organism’s effective functioning is presented in terms of the fit between an organism’s functioning and the demands and opportunities that are presented by the environment in which it finds itself. It is proposed that effective functioning requires the interplay of four elements—affect, cognition, motivation...