Contact bedding material is an important environmental factor and welfare creator for laboratory mice. It can alter important physiological process and create potential chance for experimental variation which puts hurdle for comparability. The present experiment was conducted to assess the possible impact of different types of bedding material viz CPS, NWS and PH with fifty one albino mice for ...

background: in general, measurements of solar ultraviolet (uv) radiation are related to horizontal surfaces. while the hu­mans walking and standing outdoors expose to the natural solar uv radiation, their eyes, cheeks, extremities, trunks, or many other anatomical sites are close to vertical plane and random orient to different directions. in this study, we character­ized the diurnal variations...

Soil application of liquid cattle manure (LCM) (excrements plus urine, occasionally containing bedding material) can enhance plant growth and increase crop yield (Beauchamp, 1986; Culley et al., 1981; Evans et al., 1977; Kaffka & Kanneganti, 1996; Lithourgidis et al., 2007; Matsi et al., 2003; Motavalli et al., 1989; Sutton et al., 1986; Zhang et al., 2006; Zebarth et al., 1996). In most of the...

Abstract The evolution of shale’s mechanical properties with confining pressure, temperature, and mineral composition directly influences fracture closure besides the effect in situ stress variation across lithologies. We are first to perform experimental study characterize Goldwyer gas shale formation located Canning Basin, Western Australia. have performed constant strain rate multistage tria...

The aim of this study was to compare different types of bedding and mucking regimens used in horse stables on the generation of airborne particulate matter <10 microm (PM10) and 3 biogenic gases (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and especially ammonia). Three separate experiments were undertaken. The experiments were carried out in an enclosed stable (9.7 m long, 8.7 m wide, and 3.5 m high) that ...

Rocks are less resistant to tension than compression or shear. Tension cracks commonly initiate shear failure. The mechanical behavior of layered rocks under has been studied extensively, whereas the tensile still remains uncertain. In this paper, we study effect layer orientation on strength and failure patterns direct indirect through experimental numerical testing (RFPA2D: software Rock Fail...

During deep underground coal mining, water-injection-related engineering methods are generally carried out to reduce the hazards of dynamic disasters. The energy evolution characteristics can better describe deformation and failure processes, as it is more consistent with in situ behavior mining-induced coal. In this study, experimental efforts have been paid water-saturated dry anisotropic und...