Neurotoxicity of organophosphate esters (OPEs) has been reported in toxicological studies, but epidemiological findings are limited. We aimed to assess the associations between prenatal OPE exposures and children’s neurodevelopment at 2 years old. measured urinary concentrations OPEs collected first third trimester from 184 pregnant women Wuhan, China. Childhood was assessed using Chinese revis...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of maternal hypothyroxinaemia during early gestation (fT4 below the lowest tenth percentile and TSH within the reference range: 0.15-2.0 mIU/l) on infant development, together with any subsequent changes in fT4 during gestation. DESIGN A prospective 3-year follow-up study of pregnant women and their children up to the age of 2 years. MEASUREMENTS Child devel...

The Bayley Short Form – Research Edition (BSF-R). At the base year (henceforth called the 9-month wave, as children were approximately 9 months of age at the time of assessment) and first follow-up (henceforth called the 2-year wave, since children were approximately 2 years of age at the time of assessment), the Bayley Short Form-Research Edition (BSF-R) was used. The BSF-R consists of a subse...

BACKGROUND Iron and zinc deficiency are prevalent during infancy in low-income countries. OBJECTIVES The objectives were to examine whether a weekly supplement of iron, zinc, iron+zinc, or a micronutrient mix (MM) of 16 vitamins and minerals would alter infant development and behavior. DESIGN The participants were 221 infants from rural Bangladesh at risk of micronutrient deficiencies. Deve...

BACKGROUND Given that environmental factors, such as the school environment, can influence child development, more attention should be paid to the development of children attending day care centers. OBJECTIVE To determine whether there are differences in the gross motor, fine motor, or cognitive performances of children between 1 and 3 years-old of similar socioeconomic status attending publi...

BACKGROUND Concern that mild iodine deficiency in pregnancy may adversely affect neurodevelopment of offspring has led to recommendations for iodine supplementation in the absence of evidence from randomised controlled trials. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the effect of iodine supplementation during pregnancy on childhood neurodevelopment. Secondary outcomes included pre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The diagnostic and prognostic potential of brain MR imaging before term-equivalent age is limited until valid MR imaging scoring systems are available. This study aimed to validate an MR imaging scoring system of brain injury and impaired growth for use at 29 to 35 weeks postmenstrual age in infants born at <31 weeks gestational age. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-three i...

BACKGROUND Maternal thyroid function during early pregnancy is an important determinant of early fetal brain development because the fetal thyroid is unable to produce any T4 before 12-14 weeks' gestation. Overt maternal hypothyroidism as seen in severe iodine-deficient areas is associated with severely impaired neurological development of the offspring. At present, it is not known whether low ...

OBJECTIVE To verify the concurrent validity and interobserver reliability of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) in premature infants followed-up at the outpatient clinic of Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/Fiocruz), in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS A total of 88 premature infants were enrolled at the follow-up clinic at IFF/Fiocruz, between February and December o...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the relationship between prenatal exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and neurodevelopment of Mexican farm-workers' children in California. METHODS Participants from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas study, a birth cohort study, included 360 singletons with maternal serum m...