Compared with batch systems, flowthrough and countercurrent reactors have important potential advantages for pretreating cellulosic biomass, including higher hemicellulose sugar yields, enhanced cellulose digestibility, and reduced chemical additions. Unfortunately, they suffer from high water and energy use. To better understand these trade-offs, comparative data are reported on xylan and lign...

We describe the synthesis of 1-amino-2,5-anhydro-D-mannose ("mannitolamine"), a key intermediate to the 7-nitro-1,2,3-benzadiazole conjugate (NBDM), using commercially available fluidic devices to increase the throughput. The approach is the first example of a flow-based Tiffeneau-Demjanov rearrangement. Performing this step in flow enables a ~64-fold throughput enhancement relative to batch. T...

Performance of distributed systems can be improved from scheduling of tasks aspect. A good scheduling algorithm can enhance the performance of the distributed system significantly. In this paper we have compared the performance of batch mode and immediate mode schedulers in heterogeneous distributed computing environment. An immediate mode scheduler only considers a single task for scheduling o...

The maximum power generated in a single-chamber air-cathode microbial fuel cell (MFC) has previously been shown to increase when the spacing between the electrodes is decreased from 4 to 2 cm. However, the maximum power from a MFC with glucose (500 mg/L) decreased from 811 mW/ m2 (R(ex) = 200 omega, Coulombic efficiency of CE = 28%) to 423 mW/m2 (R(ex) = 500 omega, CE = 18%) when the electrode ...

With the continuous development of e-business, e-business distribution center operating mode is gradually changing. Small batch and more frequency is the characteristics of the e-business. The new characteristics gives birth to new distribution center picking mode. This paper analyzes disadvantaged of the business mode of the current e-business distribution center, put forward a new type of e-b...

A gas permeation model (Coupling Model) has been developed which has the flexibility to be used for different membrane module configurations. The aim of this work is to predict the performance of a single stage gas separation process using membranes and provide a comprehensive description of process parameters like flow rates, composition, stage cut and stream pressure. The significant feature ...

Bioprocesses are appreciated as difficult to control because their dynamic behavior is highly nonlinear and time varying, in particular, when they are operating in fed batch mode. The research objective of this study was to develop an appropriate control method for a complex bioprocess and to implement it on a laboratory plant. Hence, an intelligent control structure has been designed in order ...

Many scientists have been involved in the division of open streams. Existing methods for calculating fission nodes do not allow choosing their optimal designs that create a favorable regime dividing flows. Most available results studies are scattered, non-systematic, and some cases, contain data coincide with each other. The conducted were carried out mainly steady flow regime; turbulence issue...