Prior research indicates that young children can generalize object properties on the basis of category information when it is conveyed by identical labels or semantically similar labels at the same level of taxonomy (i.e., synonyms) (Gelman & Markman, 1986). However, in previous research semantic similarity was confounded with co-occurrence probability. Therefore, it is possible that synonym-ba...

Category-based reasoning is central to mature cognition; however, the developmental course of this ability remains contested. One strong indicator of category-based reasoning is the propensity to make inferences based on semantically similar labels. Recent evidence indicates that in preschool-age children the effects of semantically similar labels are limited to a small subset of labels that co...

This paper presents a theoretical basis for terminological reasoning about objects and their qualitative spatial relationships. In contrast to existing work, which mainly focuses on reasoning about qualitative spatial relations alone, we integrate quantitative and qualitative information with terminological reasoning. This theory is motivated as basis for knowledge representation and query proc...

The phylogeny of placental mammals is a critical framework for choosing future genome sequencing targets and for resolving the ancestral mammalian genome at the nucleotide level. Despite considerable recent progress defining superordinal relationships, several branches remain poorly resolved, including the root of the placental tree. Here we analyzed the genome sequence assemblies of human, arm...

Abstract Spatial preferential sampling occurs when the choice of locations depends stochastically on process interest. Ignoring this dependence leads to inaccurate inferences. Our framework models experimenter preferences jointly with spatial adjust for this. We dispense unrealistic assumption (required by existing methods) conditional independence defining a whole design distribution proportio...

We introduce a new method for ranked set sampling with multiple criteria. The method relaxes the restriction of selecting just one individual variable from each ranked set. Under the new method for ranking, units are ranked in sets based on linear extensions in partially order set theory with considering all variables simultaneously. Results willbe evaluated by a relatively extensive simulation...