The p-type AlGaN electron blocking layer (EBL) is widely used in InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for electron overflow suppression. However, a typical EBL also reduces the hole injection efficiency, because holes have to climb over the energy barrier generated at the p-AlGaN/p-GaN interface before entering the quantum wells. In this work, to address this problem, we report the enhancemen...

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We analyze efficiency droop reductions in InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes caused by a chirped AlGaN/GaN multi-quantum barrier (MQB). Such electron barriers are expected to create an additional forbidden energy range above the natural conduction band edge, which reduces the electron leakage current. Advanced numerical device simulations reveal that energy band bending practically eliminates this...

This paper describes the performance of pianar back-to-back Barrier-N-N+ (bbBNN) devices for mmand submm wave multiplier applications. A technique has been deveioped for characterizing pianar bbBNN devices with Vector Network Anaiyzer, which gives both the series resistance and voitage dependent capacitance of the device. Resuits show that bbBNN devices do not have a high series resistance iike...

rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate (rht), one of the potential cholinesterase inhibitors, has received great attention as a new drug candidate for the treatment of alzheimer's disease. however, the bioavailability of rht from the conventional pharmaceutical forms is low because of the presence of the blood brain barrier. the main aim of the present study was to prepare positively charged eudragit r...

one of the quranic concepts concerning the hereafter is the lofty barrier (araf) and their men regarding which the words of revelation of 46-49 in araf surah in the holy quran have pointed this concept. there are different viewpoints among commentators concerning what and where the lofty barrier is, and also who the men of the lofty barrier are. regarding this, different viewpoints have been ta...

in this paper, using a one-dimensional simulation model, the reforming process of sour gas, i.e. ch4, co2, and h2s, to the various charged particles and syngas in a dielectric barrier discharge (dbd) reactor is studied. an electric field is applied across the reactor radius, and thus a non-thermal plasma discharge is formed within the reactor. based on the space-time coupled finite element meth...

since nox family, one of the most important causes of air pollution, is the primary source of acid rains, ozone layer depletion, and breathing disorders, mitigation of these pollutants is now a global concern. in the off-gases of internal combustion engines running with oxygen excess, non-thermal plasmas (ntps) have an oxidative potential, which results in an effective conversion of no to no2. ...

cell based therapeutics is one of the most rapidly advancing medical fields, bringing together a range of fields including transplantation, tissue engineering and regeneration, biomaterials and stem cell biology. however, traditional cell-based therapeutics have many limitations, one of which is their harmful effects exhibited on healthy body cells due to their lack of specificity. nanomedicine...

context this article reviews the available evidence about the barrier membranes utilized in guided tissue regeneration process to prevent the migration of unfavorable cells to the wound area. evidence acquisition available evidence about membranes properties and their different uses were reviewed, and the results of clinical and animal studies and systematic reviews were gathered. results a lar...