Four turbulence models are described and evaluated for transonic flows using the upwind code CFL3D and the central-difference code TLNS3D. In particular, the effects of recent modifications to the half-equation model of Johnson-King are explored in detail, and different versions of the model are compared. This model can obtain good results for both two-dimensional (2–D) and three-dimensional (3...

We present Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph long-slit spectroscopy of the emission line nebulae in the compact steep spectrum radio sources 3C 67, 3C 277.1, and 3C 303.1. We derive BPT (Baldwin-Philips-Terlevich; Baldwin et al. 1981) diagnostic emission line ratios for the nebulae which are consistent with a mix of shock excitation and photo-ionization in the extended gas. In additio...

Using an argument of Baldwin–Hu–Sivek, we prove that if K is a hyperbolic fibered knot with fiber F in closed, oriented 3-manifold Y, and \(\widehat{HFK}(Y,K,[F], g(F)-1)\) has rank 1, then the monodromy freely isotopic to pseudo-Anosov map no fixed points. In particular, this shows L-space

We read with interest the article by Baldwin et al. (1), which describes the use of an array of 32,433 bacterial artificial chromosome clones tiled across the genome (2, 3) to map genomic aberrations in 20 oral squamous cell carcinoma samples by array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH). The authors conclude that improved detection sensitivity and resolution of tiling arrays is necess...

The majority of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) observed by XMM-Newton reveal narrow Fe Kα lines at ∼ 6.4 keV, due to emission from cold (neutral) material. There is an X-ray Baldwin effect in Type I AGN, in that the equivalent width of the line decreases with increasing luminosity, with weighted linear regression giving EW ∝ L −0.17 ± 0.08 (Spearman Rank probability of > 99.9 per cent). With curr...

An interaction between evolution and learning called the Baldwin effect has been known for a century, but it is still poorly appreciated. This paper reports on a computational approach focusing on the quantitative evolution of phenotypic plasticity in complex environment so as to investigate its benefit and cost. For this purpose, we investigate the evolution of connection weights in a neural n...