This essay attempts to use exchange and balance theories to explain philanthropy. For exchange, such theoretical components as attractions or rewards, costs, barriers and alternatives are invoked to make sense of the biography of a Chinese philanthropist in Hong Kong who donated two schools to remember his father and wife. The balance theory was also used, which argues that people do not seek t...

The research of Boolean index sets of graphs is one of the most important graph theories in the graph theory . Boolean index sets of graphs are to use the vertex sets and the edge sets of graphs to study the characteristics of various graphs and their inherent characteristics through corresponding the mapping function to 2 Z . It’s theory can be applied to information engineering, communication...

Chaotic motion can sometimes be desirable or undesirable, and hence control over such a phenomenon has become a topic of considerable interest. Currently available methods involve making systematic time-varying small perturbations in the system parameters. A new method is presented here to achieve control over chaotic motion using notch filter output feedback control. The notch filter controlle...

Balance control improvement is one of the most important goals in sports and exercise. Better balance is strongly positively associated with enhanced athletic performance and negatively associated with lower limb sports injuries. Proprioception plays an essential role in balance control, and ankle proprioception is arguably the most important. This paper reviews ankle proprioception and explore...

Viktor Frankl, a neurologist and the founder of logo-therapy (1969) stated that “will to meaning” is the basic essence of the universe (1). Logo-therapy means therapy through meaning, which is based on the premise that man has a will-to-meaning; the meaning thus lies in suffering(2). One of the most important human functions is discovering meaning in life, which is also considered as a sign of...

In this paper we propose new non-relativistic p + 1 dimensional theory. This theory is defined in such a way that the potential term obeys the principle of detailed balance where the generating action corresponds to p-brane action. This condition ensures that the norm of the vacuum wave functional of p + 1 dimensional theory is equal to the partition function of p-brane theory.