A vibrating membrane bioreactor, in which the fouling problems are reduced by vibrating a hollow fiber membrane module, has been tested in constant flux microfiltration above (supra-critical) and below (sub-critical) an experimentally determined critical flux. Suspensions of bakers yeast cells were chosen as filtration medium (dry weight 4 g/l). The influence of extracellular polymeric substanc...

Yeast is a unicellular fungi that does not reproduce via asexual spore production (Phaff, 1966). The most commonly fed yeast in dairy diets is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC); a facultative anaerobic yeast often referred to as brewers or bakers yeast. The most common yeast products fed to ruminants are live cells or yeast culture mixtures. A yeast culture is a yeast-fermented product that contain...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the risk of bakers developing hand eczema. The importance of atopy was studied as well as change of job due to hand eczema. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed among bakers trained in Swedish trade schools in 1961-89 (n = 2923). School referents followed other programmes (n = 1258); population controls were randomly selected from the general population (n...

Fungi belong to common allergens, which can be found both in occupational and non-occupational environment. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with mould allergy among bakers and farmers reporting work-related respiratory symptoms. The study group comprised 117 bakers and 83 farmers reporting work-related respiratory symptoms. Skin prick tests (SPT) with ...

Metallothioneins are small, high-Cys-containing proteins present in a wide variety of organisms including vertebrates, invertebrates, fungi, cyanobacteria, and higher plants (Hamer, 1986). Metallothioneins play a role in heavy metal detoxification, especially in respect to cadmium, copper, and zinc (Hamer, 1986). Gene disruptions of the bakers’ yeast Cupl locus that encodes a metallothionein an...