The use of a respiratory screening questionnaire is recommended annually to screen bakery workers in the UK. We compared questionnaire screening with other methods of detecting workers with asthmatic symptoms and then assessed the significance of these symptoms with careful investigation and follow-up. Reasons for questionnaire failures were then explored. A questionnaire was issued to 362 flou...

Bakers' yeast phosphoglucose isomerase was studied by both chemical and physical methods to determine its submit structure. Gel filtration in 6 M guanidine HCl as well as acrylamide gel electrophoresis of sodium dodecyl sulfatedentured phosphoglucose isomerase showed two speices corresponding to one-half and one-fourth of the preparative molecular weight of 119,400 determined by equilibrium cen...

Catalase from bakers’ yeast has been purified to homogeneity in the analytical ultracentrifuge and in gel electrophoresis; sedimentation measurements permit an estimation of its molecular weight as 248,000. Under denaturing conditions, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed dissociation of a major component of molecular weight 61,000, which constituted 90% of the total protein of the stain...

If sodium pyruvate is added to cells of bakers’ yeast suspended in a phosphate buffer of pH 7.0 in the strict absence of oxygen, practically no pyruvate is utilized. After 3 hours in contact with the cells the sodium pyruvate can be almost quantitatively recovered. If, however, oxygen is admiNed to the cells, then both pyruvate and oxygen are utilized at appreciable rates (see Table I). So far ...

The reduction of glutathione by a heat-labile system in liver was discovered by Hopkins and Elliott (1). Later Mann (2) obtained a soluble enzyme preparation from liver which required, for the reduction process, a cofactor and glucose as hydrogen donor. Meldrum and Tarr (3) found that oxidized glutathione was reduced by rat blood and by yeast and demonstrated the function of TPNl as a cofactor ...

In recent years, industrial fermentation researchers have shifted their attention from liquid to solid and semisolid culture conditions. We converted liquid cultures to the semisolid mode by adding high levels of gelatin. Previous studies on liquid cultures have revealed the inhibitory activity of mineral salts, such as NaCl, on the fermentation of sugars by yeasts. We made a kinetic study of t...

The relationship between lipid content and tolerance to freezing at -50 degrees C was studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under batch or fed-batch mode and various aeration and temperature conditions. A higher free-sterol-to-phospholipid ratio as well as higher free sterol and phospholipid contents correlated with the superior cryoresistance in dough or in water of the fed-batch-grown com...

The specific activities of 15 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were measured after growth under a variety of conditions that produced a range of cell-doubling times. The specific activity of each synthetase increased as cell-doubling time decreased. Control experiments eliminate the possibility that these results are due to preferential recovery of synthetases, or to the p...