in order to determine the efficacy of recombinant hepatitis b vaccine in iranian infants, we analyzed the efficacy of a recombinant hepatitis b vaccine in 115 infants aged 12-24 months born to hbsag negative mothers who received three doses of hbv antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) was checked after the third dose of the vaccine, 94.8% of the infants had developed protective ant...

Baylisascaris procyonis is a common gastrointestinal parasite of raccoons (Procyon lotor) and is a zoonotic helminth with the potential to cause severe or fatal infection. Raccoons thrive in human-dominated landscapes, and the fecal-oral transmission pathway and lack of effective treatment make B. procyonis a serious threat to public health. The distribution of medicinal baits has emerged as a ...

BACKGROUND The efficacy of seasonal influenza vaccination against 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) remains unclear. METHODS One child aged 6-17 years in each of 796 households was randomized to receive 2009-2010 seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) or saline placebo between August 2009 and February 2010. Households were followed up with serology, symptom diaries, and collecti...

Baylisascaris procyonis is a common gastrointestinal parasite of raccoons (Procyon lotor) and is a zoonotic helminth with the potential to cause severe or fatal infection. Raccoons thrive in human-dominated landscapes, and the fecal-oral transmission pathway and lack of effective treatment make B. procyonis a serious threat to public health. The distribution of medicinal baits has emerged as a ...

Bacillus subtilis spores have been used as safe and heat-resistant antigen delivery vectors. Nonetheless, the oral administration of spores typically induces weak immune responses to the passenger antigens, which may be attributed to the fast transit through the gastrointestinal tract. To overcome this limitation, we have developed B. subtilis spores capable of binding to the gut epithelium by ...

Although previous studies have characterized some aspects of the immune response of the teleost gut in response to diverse pathogens or stimuli, most studies have focused on the posterior segments exclusively. However, there are still many details of how teleost intestinal immunity is regulated that remain unsolved, including the location of IgM(+) and IgT(+) B cells along the digestive tract a...

BACKGROUND HIV-positive patients carry an increased risk of HPV infection and associated cancers. Therefore, prevalence and patterns of HPV infection at different anatomical sites, as well as theoretical protection of nonavalent vaccine should be investigated. Aim was to describe prevalence and predictors of oral HPV detection in HIV-positive men, with attention to nonavalent vaccine-targeted H...

To the Editor: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a human herpesvirus, is the causative agent of varicella (chick-enpox) and herpes zoster (shingles). Worldwide, children are routinely vaccinated with a live attenuated vari-cella vaccine containing the Oka vaccine (vOka) strain of VZV, originally developed in Japan (1–3). Although the risk for secondary transmission of the vOka strain from immunocom...

Background and Objectives Bordetella holmesii is associated with a pertussis-like respiratory syndrome in healthy individuals and also a rare cause of septicaemia, endocarditis, pneumonia, and septic arthritis, mostly in immunocompromised patients. Culture technique and real-time PCR are 2 methods used to detect Bordetella spp. Materials and Methods In this study, 435 nasopharyngeal specimens...

Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine–induced disease in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfect-ed children. et al. Danish bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine–induced disease in human im-munodeficiency virus–infected children.tection of rifampicin-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Early antiretroviral therapy and mortality among HIV-infected infants. N Engl To the Editor: Bulleidia extructa is a...