BACKGROUND Seroma formation and lymphoedema are frequently encountered complications after radical lymph node dissection (RLND). Attempts to reduce the lymphatic morbidity include the use of Ultrasonic Scalpel. The aim of the present analysis was to assess the impact of the ultrasonic scalpel on the amount of drained lymph after lymph node dissection. METHODS Patients listed for a RLND or com...

breast cancer is a major cause of mortality in women due to malignant diseases and is the most prevalent type of cancer in western countries. according to investigations which has been done in iran so far, the prevalence of disease in our country is also very high, therefore complete attention to clinical and pathological findings of this disease would be extremely essential. in this study, the...

With the improvement of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the proportion of pathological complete response (pCR) in the breast and axillary lymph node (ALN) is increasing. The evaluation of pCR does not include the status of internal mammary lymph node (IMLN). This study is to evaluate the roles of both axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy (ASLNB) and internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy (I...

BACKGROUND Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure that provides accurate nodal staging information. The need for completion axillary dissection after finding a positive SLN for breast cancer has been questioned. HYPOTHESIS The presence of nonsentinel node (NSN) metastases in the axillary dissection specimen correlates with tumor size, the number of SLNs removed, an...

Introduction Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has replaced routine axillary dissection (ALND) in node-negative axillae. In cases where the axilla needs to be dissected, one must dissect below uppermost intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) avoid damaging arm lymphatics. Methods One milliliter of methylene blue dye was injected around areola. Fluorescein (1 ml) into upper arm. After SLNB and ALND, vi...

OBJECTIVES To assess the available evidence on sentinel lymph-node biopsy, and to examine the long-term follow-up data from large randomized phase III trials comparing breast-conserving therapy with mastectomy in order to make recommendations on the surgical management of early invasive breast cancer (stages I and II), including the optimum management of the axillary nodes: for the breast--modi...

Understanding breast cancer treatment options can help family physicians care for their patients during and after cancer treatment. This article reviews typical treatments based on stage, histology, and biomarkers. Lobular carcinoma in situ does not require treatment. Ductal carcinoma in situ can progress to invasive cancer and is treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy wit...

This study aimed to explore the clinical usefulness of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (USG-FNAC) for the evaluation of axillary lymph nodes in patients with early stage breast cancer (BC) among the Chinese Han female population.Around 124 patients with early stage BC were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent USG-FNAC (group A). Patients with proven met...

Treatment of the axilla by surgery with or without radiotherapy remains an integral part of the management of patients with invasive breast cancer. In general, the standard treatment of the axilla involves axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in which surgical clearance of axillary nodes with a minimum of level I & II is performed. ALND is an effective staging procedure and is essential for lo...