The effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on the cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]f) were examined in freshly immunodissected rabbit cortical collecting tubule cells using fluorescent Ca2+ indicators fura-2 and indo-1. The addition of AVP to a cell suspension resulted in a rapid and transient increase in the [Ca2+]f. The 1-deamino-8-D-AVP (dDVP), a V2 receptor agonist of AVP that sti...

Plasma oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are associated with individual differences in emotional responses and behaviors. The amygdala is considered to be an important brain region for regulating emotion-based behavior, with OT and AVP modulating activity in the amygdala during the processing of negative emotions. In particular, increased OT levels may diminish amygdala activation (a...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is known to play an important role in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. In the present study, we examined how cAMP and glucocorticoids regulate AVP gene expression in the parvocellular neurons of the PVN in rat hypothalamic organotypic cultures with in situ hybridization. AVP heteronuclear (hn) RN...

Extracellular single-unit recording experiments were done in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of afferent renal nerves (ARN) and renal vein (RVO) or artery (RAO) occlusion on the discharge rate of putative arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (Oxy) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). PVH neurons antidrom...

Vascular smooth muscle (SM) cells (VSMC) undergo phenotypic modulation in vivo and in vitro. This process involves coordinated changes in expression of multiple SM-specific genes. In cultured VSMC, arginine vasopressin (AVP) increases and PDGF decreases expression of SM alpha-actin (SMA), the earliest marker of SM cells (SMC). However, it is unknown whether these agents regulate other SM genes ...

INTRODUCTION Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is increasingly used to restore mean arterial pressure (MAP) in low-pressure shock states unresponsive to conventional inotropes. This is potentially deleterious since AVP is also known to reduce cardiac output by increasing vascular resistance. The effects of AVP on blood flow to vital organs and cardiac performance in a circulation altered by cardiac is...

BACKGROUND Vasopressin (AVP) and terlipressin (TP) have been used as last-line therapy in refractory shock in children. However, the efficacy and safety profiles of AVP and TP have not been determined in pediatric refractory shock of different origins. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the addition of AVP/TP therapy in pediatric refractory shock of all causes compared to conventiona...

We tested the hypothesis that central arginine vasopressin (AVP) mediates postexercise reductions in arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR). To test this hypothesis, nine spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were instrumented with a 22-gauge stainless steel guide cannula in the right lateral cerebral ventricle and with a carotid arterial catheter. After the rats recovered, AP and HR were a...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a cyclic nonapeptide synthesized exclusively by neurosecretory cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Two functionally distinct vasopressinergic systems can be defined based on differences in the sites of action and release of AVP. The peripheral vasopressinergic system encompasses the sites of action for AVP released into peripheral circulation (e.g. vascular ...

Fine regulation of water reabsorption by the antidiuretic hormone [8-arginine]vasopressin (AVP) occurs in principal cells of the collecting duct and is largely dependent on regulation of the aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channel. AVP-inducible long term AQP2 expression was investigated in immortalized mouse cortical collecting duct principal cells. Combined RNase protection assay, Western blot, and ...