We calculate exactly the modes of motion of the Time-averaged Orbiting Potential (TOP) trap with its four degrees of freedom, namely the three translations and the spin, taken into account. We find that, when gravity is neglected, there are two parameters in the problem namely, the angular velocity of the rotating field and its strength. We present the stability diagram in these parameters. We ...

Tracking of fluorescently labeled chromosomal loci in live bacterial cells reveals a robust scaling of the mean square displacement (MSD) as τ(0.39). We propose that the observed motion arises from relaxation of the Rouse modes of the DNA polymer within the viscoelastic environment of the cytoplasm. The time-averaged and ensemble-averaged MSD of chromosomal loci exhibit ergodicity, and the velo...

Experiments Most publications of velocity measurements in stirred tanks concern measurements in single-phase flows. An excellent review of these studies was made by Ranade and Joshi (1990a). Literature concerning velocity measurements in aerated stirred tanks is scarcer however. An overview of literature is given in Table 1. Lu and Ju (1987) used constant temperature anemometry (CTA) in order t...

Abstract In the present study, Eulerian velocities were obtained using PIV system to investigate problem of Stokes drift in combined wave-current flows. Time-averaged mean velocity profiles presented after flow has achieved its equilibrium status. Waves with various wave periods and amplitudes generated propagated turbulent current possessing a Reynolds number 32000. Results time-averaged sugge...

Fully developed stationary premixed flames are obtained by DNS in an incoming homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow. Analysis based on the Favre-averaged transport equation of turbulent kinetic energy shows that pressure gradient term and pressure work term increase turbulent kinetic energy in the flame region, and these terms produce anisotropic turbulence. The counter-gradient diffusion domina...

We present predictions for the statistical error due to finite sampling in the presence of thermal fluctuations in molecular simulation algorithms. Specifically, we present predictions for the error dependence on hydrodynamic parameters and the number of samples taken. Expressions for the common hydrodynamic variables of interest such as flow velocity, temperature, density, pressure, shear stre...

Background: Knowledge about the anatomy of root canals is an important facror in the prognosis of  root canal  therapy .The purpose  of  this  study is to derermine  the root  canal anatomy in  mandibalar anterior  reeth and  premolars by clear and dye peneration method. Materials and methods:In this  study, 350 human mandibular anterior teeth and  mandibular  and  maxillary premolars(from e...

wall-jet flow is an important flow field in hydraulic engineering, and its applications include flow from the bottom outlet of dams and sluice gates. in this paper, the plane turbulent wall jet in shallow tailwater is simulated by solving the reynolds averaged navier-stokes equations using the standard  turbulence closure model. this study aims to explore the ability of a time splitting method ...

The deviations Scm (“intermittency corrections”) from classical (“K41”) scaling c,==m/3 of the mth moments ( 1 u(p) I”) in high Reynolds number turbulence are calculated, extending a method to approximately solve the Navier-Stokes equation described earlier. It is suggested to introduce the notion of scale resolved intermittency corrections Sk,(p), because these &L&(p) are found to be large in ...