Children with autism use hand taking and hand leading gestures to interact with others. This is traditionally considered to be an example of atypical behaviour illustrating the lack of intersubjective understanding in autism. However the assumption that these gestures are atypical is based upon scarce empirical evidence. In this paper I present detailed observations in children with autism and ...

When people predict the future behavior of a person, thinking of that target as an individual decreases the accuracy of their predictions. The present research examined one potential source of this bias, whether and why predictors overweight the atypical past behavior of individuals. The results suggest that predictors do indeed overweight the atypical past behavior of an individual. Atypical p...

Atypical mycobacteria are saprophytic organisms not transmitted from person to person, which affect mainly immunosuppressed but also immunocompetent individuals. We present a case of atypical mycobacteriosis after a vascular procedure, with widespread cutaneous lesions associated with polyarthralgia. Mycobacterium chelonae was identified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The patien...

Atypical presentation is the most common form of celiac disease (CD). Although the terminologies like latent, silent and potential have expressed different aspects of clinical and pathological behaviour of CD, they also have contributed in some extent to confusion between clinicians and patients due to the multiple definitions and uncertainty around them. In the light of new advances and the di...

INTRODUCTION Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense typically causes acute and severe human African trypanosomiasis in Zambia and other countries in Eastern and Southern Africa. Although a few atypical cases of chronic and mild forms of this disease were reported in Zambia more than 40 years ago, no such cases have been diagnosed over the last four decades. CASE PRESENTATIONS For the first case, a 19...

Well-differentiated liposarcoma: the well-differentiated liposarcomas are tumors of low grade malignancy that may recur locally but not metastasize; the terminolgy of subtypes is not straightforward; three related sybtypes have been distinguished: lipoma-like (the most common form), inflammatory, and sclerosing; other terms that have been suggested to describe at least subsets of these tumors a...

Two atypical Paracoccidioides brasiliensis strains (yeast form at room temperature) have been isolated from chronically infected patients living in Brazil. Different random primers were used to characterize these isolates and compare them to typical strains. The RAPD patterns allowed the differentiation of all the selected isolates. Their genetic distance ranged from 5% to 80% of non-shared ban...

The markers, CD11b, CD11c, CD14, CD21, CD23, CD25, CD38, and FMC7 were correlated with morphologic and other laboratory and clinical characteristics of 127 patients with untreated CD5+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Only CD38 and CD21 were significantly associated with atypical CLL morphology. The integrin associated markers CD11b and CD11c were associated with lower leukocyte count (white...

Rett syndrome (RS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, preferentially found in females and specifically involving the functions on which intelligence and its expression depend--learning, hand use and speech--leaving many others intact. Mutations have been identified at Xq28 on the MECP2 gene (methyl-CpG 2), which selectively silences the expression of other genes whose location is still unknown. ...

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), the most common autosomal recessive ataxia, is caused in 94% of cases by homozygous expansions of an unstable GAA repeat localised in intron 1 of the X25 gene. We have investigated this mutation in five Brazilian patients: four with typical FRDA findings and one patient with atypical manifestations, who was considered to have some other form of cerebellar ataxia with r...