BACKGROUND The effect of age on common carotid artery diameter is unclear for varying atherosclerosis risk levels. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Limited Access Data set were used to estimate the association of age with B-mode ultrasound common carotid artery diameter for three atherosclerosis risk levels. Based on information from clinical examinati...

background: infertility is common among couples of child-bearing age and ap-proximately half of known causes of primary infertility are attributable to male factor. it is still unclear whether the injurious effects of cigarette smoking on sperm characteristics and infertility are due to nicotine. therefore, the present study investigated the effects of orally administered of nicotine on sperm c...

background: asphyxia is a medical condition in which placental or pulmonary gas exchange is impaired or they cease all together, typically producing a combination of progressive hypoxemia and hypercapnea. objective: in addition to regional differences in its etiology; it is important to know its risk factors. materials and methods: this is a case-control study, all neonates born from may 2002 t...

background: cholera is considered a key indicator of social development but still is reported in various cities of iran. the present study aimed to analyze the available information regarding cholera outbreaks since 2010 in iran. methods: all cases reported to the center for disease control and prevention of ministry of health and education who had been confirmed as cholera cases by the health ...

Cardiovascular disease determines prognosis in patients with Type 2 diabetes Atherosclerosis determines the prognosis of patients with diabetes. Cardiovascular risk in Type 2 diabetic patients is increased by a factor of two to three, and diabetes approximately doubles the risk of death after cardiovascular events. Mainly owing to their increased cardiovascular risk, the life expectancy of pati...

impaired fasting glucose identifies individuals at high risk of progression to diabetes but the role of ifg as a coronary artery disease risk factor, independent of its progression to diabetes and its association with other coronary artery disease risk factors ,is unclear. a cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that impaired fasting glucose increased the likelihood of ...

Objective: Thrombocytes and mean platelet volume (MPV) are related to atherosclerosis. The purpose of the present study was investigate relationship between MPV subclavian arterial stenosis (SAS). Materials Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with SAS by an angiography performed in catheter laboratory September 2010 2015 included this study. A control group similar clinical demographic charact...

The initial description in 1980 by Furchgott and Zawadzki1 of endothelium-derived vasodilator factor has stimulated more than 2 decades of intense research to delineate the basic biology of the endothelium and its importance in the clinical setting.2 Endotheliumderived vasodilator factor has been identified as nitric oxide (NO).2 It is formed in endothelial cells from the amino acid L-arginine ...

Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as an inflammatory process, similarities between atherosclerosis and systemic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, lupus, psoriasis, spondyloarthritis and o...

The center of the pandemic of diabetes is the lifethreatening cardiovascular complications that can be categorized into macrovasculopathy, microvasculopathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Macrovasculopathy affects large vessels and manifests as atherosclerosis and the subsequent coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Atherosclerosis and its related compl...