From the word "mimeme" of Greek origin, Dawkins coined the term "meme" in his 1976 book on "The Selfish Gene" [1]. He defined it as being "the basic unit of cultural transmission or imitation". These days, the monosyllabic word "meme" that is an analog of the word "gene" has since taken flight to become one of the most successful metaphorical ideologies in computational intelligence. The new sc...

The field of retailing has experienced significant changes in recent years. In this article, we review articles published in Journal of Retailing ver the 2002–2007 time span, classified into ten broad topic categories: price, promotion, brand/product, service, loyalty, consumer behavior, hannel, organizational, Internet, and other. Some areas have received a reasonable amount of attention; othe...

Translational research incorporates some of the oldest knowledge that the human race has gathered, from healing practices of ancient civilizations to the development of modern medicine. Today’s translational research is generally defined as the investigation that transforms scientific discoveries arising in the laboratory, clinic, or population into new clinical tools and applications that redu...

Work ow research at HP Labs has evolved through three stages during the past four years. Our e ort started with the enhancement of an existing HP work ow product { WorkManager. Then, based on customers' feedback, a new work ow prototype was developed to support the requirements of enterprise complex business process management. This formed the base for HPs second generation work ow product { Ad...

Thrombophilia is defined as a disorder of hemostasis in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of thrombosis in veins or arteries due to abnormalities in blood composition, blood flow, or the vascular wall. The pathogenesis of venous versus arterial thrombosis is very distinct and these are often considered as separate diseases. The term thrombophilia is most often used in combination wit...