Intra- and interspecific interactions can be broken down into facilitative and competitive components. The net interaction between two organisms is simply the sum of these counteracting elements. Disentangling the positive and negative components of species interactions is a critical step in advancing our understanding of how the interaction between organisms shift along physical and biotic gra...

Regional scale geological maps are still not available for many remote parts of the Earth. All geological maps contain two fundamental pieces of information: a) lithological data: a list of the various rock types present, and b) structural data: geometrical information that describes the spatial relationships of the various rock units. For the purposes of regional scale geological mapping the s...

Precise estimation of expected Darwinian fitness is a central component of life history analysis. Our methods provide precise estimation by incorporating general envelope methodology into the aster modeling framework. This level of precision provided from out methods allow researchers to draw stronger conclusions about the driving forces of Darwinian fitness from their life history analyses tha...

Aster tianmenshanensis G. J. Zhang & T. G. Gao, a new species of Asteraceae from southern China is described and illustrated based on evidence from morphology, micromorphology and molecular phylogeny. The new species is superficially similar to Aster salwinensis Onno in having rosettes of spatulate leaves and a solitary, terminal capitulum, but it differs by its glabrous leaf margins, unequal d...

"Spiral asters" composed of swirls of subcortical microtubules were recently described in fertilized eggs of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. In our study, these structures did not occur at culture temperatures below 16 degrees C. When the culture temperature was elevated, however, "spiral asters" routinely appeared during a susceptible period before mitotic prophase when the sperm...

Anti-tubulin antibodies and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy were used to examine the organization and regulation of cytoplasmic and cortical microtubules during the first cell cycle of fertilized Xenopus eggs. Appearance of microtubules in the egg cortex temporally coincided with the outgrowth of the sperm aster. Microtubules of the sperm aster first reached the animal cortex at 0.25, (t...

Ceyhan Plain is located at the southern of Turkey within borders Adana. This region as known Cilicia Pedias in ancient period. There are many lost and undiscovered sites Pedias. At 3, 4 5 spectral bands Landsat image, it was determined that archeological yield different reflection values from other surface vegetation close to modern settlement areas. Especially near-infrared (NIR) 4th band unde...

Problem Defined: Each year, Wisconsin growers produce carrots on an average of 4200 acres grossing over $6 million dollars in revenues (USDA-NASS, 2007 annual bulletin). Unfortunately, carrot fields are threatened annually by the occurrence of aster yellows phytoplasma (AYp), which is obligately transmitted by the aster leafhopper (Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes). Current control practices s...

BACKGROUND GTP-loaded Ran induces the assembly of microtubules into aster-like and spindle-like structures in Xenopus egg extract. The microtubule-associated protein (MAP), TPX2, can mediate Ran's role in aster formation, but factors responsible for the transition from aster-like to spindle-like structures have not been described. RESULTS Here we identify a complex that is required for the co...

In alluvial areas of the Near East, the former locations of settlements are often represented by “tells”, small artificial mounds resulting from millennia of human settlement activity, especially the continual construction and decay of mud brick architecture. To identify such tells and other, smaller settlement sites in the modern landscape, we develop a classifier which screens wide areas for ...