as the canon is shaped by white male standards rewriting the canonical works of literature is one of the ways through which postcolonial writers subvert the authority of the masters. writing in the language of the masters the colonized writers use the very suppressive tool in the hands of the masters i.e. their language to question the validity of their norms. regarded by most critics to be the...

1.0 overview it seems that grammar plays a crucial role in the area of second and foreign language learning and widely has been acknowledged in grammar research. in other words, teaching grammar is an issue which has attracted much attention to itself, and a lot of teachers argue about the existence of grammar in language teaching and learning. this issue will remind us a famous sentence f...

در این پژوهش سعی گردیده تا خصوصیات فیتوشیمیایی و فاکتورهای تغذیه ای سه گونه درمنه دشتی artemisia sieberi besser (as)، درمنه بیابانیartemisia deserti krasch (ad) و درمنه کوهی artemisia aucheri (aa) از خانواده آستراسه مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. در تیرماه سال 1392، دو گونه درمنه دشتی و کوهی از بیرجند و گیاه درمنه بیابانی از قاین جمع آوری گشته و آماده سازی گردید. برای بررسی ترکیبات فنولی کل، تانن ها و ف...

abstract:‎ literature is said beautiful words of poetry or prose that excites reader’s or listener’s feel. certainly, to ‎be effective, such a text should have certain characteristics. the four elements of the literature: thought, ‎imagination, emotion and style make a text to be literary and effective. emotion and imagination are ‎specific elements of literary texts, while thought and style a...

abstract i the purpose of this study was to launch a thorough investigation concerning the possibility of differing orientations to the writing proficiency construct by native and non-native english speaking teacher raters. it mainly revolved around the international english language testing system (ielts) that is widely administered and employed as a measure of general proficiency in englis...

Background: The purpose of this report was to review the status of dental care provision in the world and Iran. Methods: Using the available data and information related to the status of dental services in Iran, such as the results of important national studies, including household income cost, utilization studies, etc., the system of dental services provision in Iran was evaluated and the weak...

in the past couple of decades sociocultural theory of sla and its implications in efl contexts have attracted attentions of research circles worldwide and aroused some controversies. firth and wagner (1997) have questioned the principles of the cognitive view which gives importance to mental constructs in favor of sociocultural view which highlights social and contextual constructs. but if soci...