BACKGROUND Female marmosets offer a promising primate model of stress-related hypocortisolism, as they undergo chronic reductions in circulating cortisol after becoming subordinate in a social group. In this study, we treated dominant and subordinate female marmosets with the cortisol synthesis inhibitor metyrapone and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) to characterize the effects of subordin...

Previous research suggests that the left hemisphere (LH) focuses on strongly related word meanings; the right hemisphere (RH) may contribute uniquely to the processing of lexical ambiguity by activating and maintaining a wide range of meanings, including subordinate meanings. The present study used the word-lists false memory paradigm [Roediger, H. L. III., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating f...

Dimension-independent Harnack inequalities are derived for a class of subordinate semigroups. In particular, for a diffusion satisfying the BakryEmery curvature condition, the subordinate semigroup with power α satisfies a dimension-free Harnack inequality provided α ∈ ` 1 2 , 1 ́ , and it satisfies the log-Harnack inequality for all α ∈ (0, 1). Some infinite-dimensional examples are also presen...

A specific singularity of a vector field on R is considered, of codimension 2 in the dissipative case and of codimension 1 in the conservative case. In both contexts in generic unfoldings the existence is proved of subordinate Sil'nikov bifurcations, which have codimension 1. Special attention is paid to the C°°-flatness of this subordinate phenomenon.

Primiparous female hamsters were mated to proven breeders and stressed during early pregnancy. Females were housed singly throughout gestation except for Days 4, 5 and 6 when they were paired for 10-min intervals 3 times each day with another female matched for age, weight and day of pregnancy. Within each of the pairs, one female was consistently dominant to the other. Controls were exposed to...

In many animal societies, dominant individuals monopolize reproduction, but the tactics they employ to achieve this are poorly understood. One possibility is that aggressive dominants render their subordinates infertile by inducing chronic physiological "stress." However, this hypothesis has been discarded largely for cooperatively breeding species, where reproductive monopolies are often extre...

We used a large field sample (N 1⁄4 32; 854) to test popular press claims and propositions from relational demography theory that the ethnic congruence of the supervisor–subordinate dyad is associated with positive employee outcomes. Results indicate that ethnic congruence was positively associated with subordinates’ level in the organization and salary. These relationships were moderated by ty...