The prevalence of essential hypertension is alarmingly increasing in Pakistani population inspite of the demographics being of lower BMI and nutrition. In this review, the possible factors responsible for this increase are identified by reviewing the population studies conducted in Pakistan. The prevalence rate is about 3 - 4% in childhood and steeply rises near the middle age. The factors pecu...

d t e r t b a c 1 As of 2010, health care–related expenditures in the U.S. totaled some $2.6 trillion (17.9% of the gross domestic product [GDP]). Year after year, ealthcare spending rises at double the rate of overall DP growth, and total healthcare spending growth conistently outpaces overall inflation. This exuberant rowth would be welcome if health care were thriving ecause of its effıcienc...

this paper aims to investigate the effect of budget deficit shock on government spending in indonesia. for this propose, this reasearch uses an alternative error correction model based on loss function of government spending. the model assumes the short run disequilibrium, in which shock variables may play an important role. a spesific loss function model is applied to develop the long run gove...

Almost every country exhibits two important health financing trends: health spending per person rises and the share of out-of-pocket spending on health services declines. We describe these trends as a "health financing transition" to provide a conceptual framework for understanding health markets and public policy. Using data over 1995-2009 from 126 countries, we examine the various explanation...

The Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 included major changes to Medicare's home health benefit designed to control spending and promote efficient delivery of services. Using national data from Medicare home health claims, this study finds the initial effect of the BBA was to steeply reduce use of the home health benefit and intensify its focus on post-acute skilled nursing and therapy services....