studies related to the second language acquisition have frequently focused on the role of mother tongue. since the learner’s knowledge in the first language provides a basis to compare it with that of second language, it is assumed that being aware of the learner’s prior knowledge is affective in the syllabus design which itself is a crucial element in teaching. in this study personal pronouns ...

This paper presents the results of a comparative text analysis of English anaphoric pronouns & their Japanese counterparts. It first demonstrates that although anaphoric pronouns in English are often compared to zero pronominals in Japanese, not all, but only some, of the English anaphoric pronouns have their counterparts in zero pronominals in the same context in Japanese, and then argues that...

Background. We relevance of this article is primarily due to the fact that potential artistic development children greatly underestimated in pedagogical practice. authors presume a person initially giXed with “inner activity soul” (V.V. Zenkovsky) — creative some general, non-specialized form and desire actualize it life. From perspective, child considered as being by nature, carrier potential,...

Empirical results on the meaning of accented pronouns often conflict. This is a problem for formal semantic models. In this paper, we intend to broaden the empirical basis of two of these models. First, in a corpus study, we checked whether properties of the antecedent influence whether a pronoun is be accented. We found that pronouns with NP antecedents are more likely to be accented than thos...

The exchange of objects is a ubiquitous feature of children’s play. Yet we know little about how children choose amongst the plethora of strategies at their disposal for getting and maintaining control of objects in the play space. In the present study, the methods of conversation analysis are applied to reveal Aboriginal children in remote Central Australia relying heavily on two ‘toy getting’...

Discourse deixis is a linguistic phenomenon in which pronouns have verbal or clausal, rather than nominal, antecedents. Studies have estimated that between 5% and 10% of pronouns in non-conversational data are discourse deictic. However, current coreference resolution systems ignore this phenomenon. This paper presents an automatic system for the detection and resolution of discourse-deictic pr...

This paper describes an algorithm to identify pleonastic pronouns using statistical techniques. The training step uses a coreference annotated corpus of English and focuses on a set of pronouns such as it. As far as we know, there is no corpus with a pleonastic annotation. The main idea of the algorithm was then to recast the definition of pleonastic pronouns as pronouns that never occur in a c...

This paper proposes a method to resolve the reference of deictic Japanese zero pronouns which can be implemented in a practical machine translation system. This method focuses on semantic and pragmatic constraints such as semantic constraints on cases, modal expressions, verbal semantic attributes and conjunctions to determine the deictic reference of Japanese zero pronouns. This method is high...

The use of subject pronouns by bilingual speakers using both a pro-drop and a non-pro-drop language (e.g. Spanish heritage speakers in the USA) is a well-studied topic in research on cross-linguistic influence in language contact situations. Previous studies looking at bilinguals with different proficiency levels have yielded conflicting results on whether there is transfer from the non-pro-dro...

Selected Dialectal Pronouns from South-Eastern Poland (Outline)
 The author of this article discusses the structure, origin and functions dialectal pronouns which occur in local dialect Posada Jaśliska near Krosno. is a village three cultures: Polish, Lemko Slovakian. describes mutual influences these languages on shaping collection pronouns, with particular emphasis that are typical area ...