Humanity owes a great debt to quinine. Cinchona alkaloids have been used to treat malaria for hundreds of years after the arrival of cinchona bark in Europe in the 17th century, where it was mixed with rose leaves, lemon juice and wine to treat the malarious patients of Essex (Butler et al. 2010). While quinine has been largely replaced by more effective and better-tolerated drugs in the treatm...

OBJECTIVES Mefloquine/artesunate has recently been developed as a fixed-dose combination, providing a promising rescue/alternative treatment for malaria during pregnancy. However, limited data are available on the effect of pregnancy on its pharmacokinetic properties. This study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of mefloquine/carboxymefloquine and artesunate/dihydroartemisi...

Iron(II) heme-mediated activation of the peroxide bond of artemisinins is thought to generate the radical oxygen species responsible for their antimalarial activity. We analyzed the role of ferrous iron in the cytotoxicity of artemisinins toward tumor cells. Iron(II)-glycine sulfate (Ferrosanol) and transferrin increased the cytotoxicity of free artesunate, artesunate microencapsulated in malto...

A membrane feeding assay in which the effects of the antimalarial drugs quinine and artesunate are tested on Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto is described. In the present study, 87% of female A. gambiae are shown to feed on whole defibrinated bovine blood alone, whereas only 47% and 43.5% feed on saline and on saline + bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions, respectively, suggesting that add...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the positive influence of chloroquine and artesunate on the pathological damages caused by Plasmodium berghei on vital organs of mice in an established infection. Healthy adult albino mice with average weight of 25 g were used for the study. Treated group was administered orally with 100 mg/kg of chloroquine and artesunate, respectively. Control a...

BACKGROUND Artesunate, extracted from Artemisia annua, has been proven to have anti-cancer potential. Allicin, diallyl thiosulfinate, the main biologically active compound derived from garlic, is also of interest in cancer treatment research. This object of this report was to document synergistic effects of artesunate combined with allicin on osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. METH...

Purpose: To investigate the in vivo antiplasmodial effect of Mangifera indica aqueous extract Plasmodium berghei-infected mice, and to characterize its phytochemical constituents their mechanism action.
 Methods: The plant leaves (250.71 g) stem bark (509.34 were weighed, macerated 5 L boiled, distilled water for 72 h, filtered. In evaluation was carried out using mice. leaf extracts subje...

BACKGROUND Artemisinin-based drug combinations are the mainstay in the fight against drug-resistant malaria in Africa. Currently available antimalarial drug combinations that include artemisinins are pharmacokinetically unmatched and are therefore potentially increasing the risk of selection of resistant mutants in areas in which the rate of transmission of malaria is high. We tested the potent...

Statin treatment has been reported to inhibit in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum. This study examines the effects of the 3-HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, simvastatin in altering and enhancing parasitological response to artesunate. Patients in attendance at primary health facilities (n=60) suffering from malaria infection were selected for the study and informed consent obtained. Ethical cl...