It has been observed that in certain cases of mitral stenosis the increase in pulmonary arterial pressure is out of proportion to the pressures on the venous side of the pulmonary circulation. This increase is due to narrowing of the pulmonary arterioles (Dexter et al., 1950; Baker et al., 1952; Ferrer et al., 1952), which may result either from organic changes in the pulmonary arterioles (inti...

OBJECTIVE We conducted a quantitative investigation of brain arterial atherosclerotic damage and its relationship to sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-four consecutive autopsy cases, 32 AD and 22 nondemented control subjects, were examined to establish the degree of arterial stenosis. Vessel external and lumenal area measurements were taken from 3-mm arterial cross-...

Intrauterine hypoperfusion/ischemia is one of the major causes of intrauterine/fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Most studies of this phenomenon have been performed in either models with severe intrauterine ischemia or models with gradient degree of intrauterine hypoperfusion. No study has been performed in a model on uniform mild intrauterine hypoperfusion (MIUH). ...

1. In chloralose-anaesthetized dogs, central venous and arterial angiotensin (AII) levels were monitored by blood-bathed bioassay during venous haemorrhage of 20 ml/kg, acute renal ischaemia induced by suprarenal aortic stenosis and frusemide-induced diuresis. 2. Blockade of intrarenal dopamine receptors with ergometrine reduced markedly the increments in arterial AII associated with haemorrhag...

Peripheral artery disease assessment typically focuses on the evaluation of lower extremity symptoms and physical findings. Few practitioners consider the importance of upper extremity arterial disease; which, besides causing hand and arm symptoms, can be associated with significant neurologic and cardiac sequelae. A review of the existing literature through PubMed using the search term 'subcla...

UNLABELLED Arterial switch operation (ASO) has become the definitive anatomical correction for transposition of great arteries (TGA). Left coronary artery (LCA) ostial stenosis was detected by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) as a flame like colour flow diastolic signal and coronary flow reserve (CFR) was low, 1.3. It was treated successfully by a drug-eluted stent. These findings ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Significant stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is an established stroke risk factor. Recent evidence suggests that features within the atherosclerotic plaque also have prognostic value. The purpose of this study was to correlate the enhancement of the vasa vasorum (VV) overlying the carotid artery plaque with acute neurological symptoms in patients with 50% to ...

OBJECTIVE Intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) is a common cause of ischemic stroke in Asians, whereas whites tend to have more extracranial lesions. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) has been associated with ischemic stroke by a large amount of work. However, there are few studies focusing on the relationship of Lp-PLA2 and asymptomatic ICAS or extracranial arterial stenosis (...

To test the hypothesis that disturbed flow can impede the transport of nitric oxide (NO) in the artery and hence induce atherogenesis, we used a lumen-wall model of an idealized arterial stenosis with NO produced at the blood vessel-wall interface to study the transport of NO in the stenosis. Blood flows in the lumen and through the arterial wall were simulated by Navier-Stokes equations and Da...

Doppler ultrasound is a noninvasive technique that allows the examination of the direction, velocity, and volume of blood flow. Doppler ultrasound has proven to be a valuable technique for investigation of artery conditions. Therefore, Doppler ultrasonography is known as reliable technique, which demonstrates the flow characteristics and resistance of internal carotid arteries in stenosis and o...