The spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a matter global concern, and the identification possible sources associated genetic elements (antibiotic genes -ARGs-, components horizontal gene transfer mechanism), becoming an urgent need. While transmission ARGs medical settings have been adequately characterized, ARG propagation agroecosystems remains insufficiently studied. Particularly c...

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose a widespread concern for human health and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered to be major source of ARG transmission. In this paper, the potential hosts genetic characteristics ARGs in influent, activated sludge effluent WWTPs Xinjiang were studied by metagenomics. Bacitracin gene (bacA), beta-lactamase (class A beta-lactamase), multidrug (...

Recent evidence has shown that antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are ubiquitous in natural environments, including sites considered pristine. To understand the origin of ARGs and their dynamics, we must first define their actual presence in the natural bacterial assemblage. Here we found varying distribution profiles of sul genes in "colony forming bacte...

The expansion of livestock production and agriculture is responsible for the increase deforestation rates in Amazon rainforest, with consequences to climate micro macro biodiversity. Although many studies have evaluated effects on microbiome, its effect soil resistome remains unknown. Considering that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a threat global health food security, here we how land-...

The behavior of three antibiotics (bacitracin, chlortetracycline, and tylosin) and two classes of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), tet and erm, were monitored in swine manure slurry under anaerobic conditions. First-order decay rates were determined for each antibiotic with half-lives ranging from 1 day (chlortetracycline) to 10 days (tylosin). ARGs were monitored in the swine manure slurry,...

We present a novel approach for learning patterns (sub-images) shared by multiple images without prior knowledge about the number and the positions of the patterns in the images. The patterns may undergo kinds of rigid and non-rigid transformations. To reduce the searching space, the images are pre-segmented and represented by attribute relation graphs (ARGs). The problem is then formulated as ...

Antibiotic failure is occurring worldwide. In a routine surveillance study on antibioticresistance genes (ARGs) in natural water bodies, we noted the detection of colistin-resistance gene mcr-1, previously identified in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from human beings and animals in several countries. The mcr-1 gene might be present in water environments, because aquatic ec...

Antibiotic therapy represents one of the most important medical advances of the 20th century and is a valuable resource in combating infectious diseases. Its therapeutic use, however, has been associated with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. There are many naturally occurring ways in which susceptible bacteria become resistant to antibiotics, including by chromosomal mutations an...

As antibiotic resistance has become a notable public health issue, increasing studies have characterized antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) throughout environments with high risk for antibiotic resistance, particularly hospitals and confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs). However, relatively little research has been devoted to studying ARGs in the residential home, where the risk factors fo...

Gamication—the use of game mechanics in conventionally nongame activities— has received attention in the eld of education. Games, however, are not reducible to the common mechanisms of gamication that target extrinsic motivation, and may also include elements such as role playing, world making, and collective storytelling. Here, the authors discuss the potential learning benets of largescal...