The quality of indoor environment depends upon combined effects of architectural constructive elements’ functions (for example: daylight level, thermal comfort, acoustical comfort, load bearing capacity, aesthetic value, price, etc.). Those functions at the same time are defined by their parameters (geometrical parameters of the building elements, parameters of the building materials, etc.). We...

PURPOSE This study used ultrasonography (US) to investigate the architectural changes in gastrocnemius muscles (GCM) after botulinum toxin injection (BoNT-A) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen children with CP who received a BoNT-A injection into their GCM to treat equinus were recruited (9 males and 4 females). Architectural changes in both the medial and la...

The traditional features of Chinese villages are facing a crisis of discontinuity. In the meantime, there exists a problem in architectural heritage conservation that while preservation and renovation is being done, local self-help construction still proceeds out of control. Nowadays, an increasing number of architects have noticed these phenomena and participate in the evolution of villages ca...

One of the last 1920's skyscrapers built in Philadephia, the FidelityPhiladelphia Trust Building, with its fine Beaux-Arts design and ornamentation, is individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Designed by the local architectural firm of Simon and Simon, the Fidelity Building, as it is called today, synthesizes classical architectural features and standard practices of sk...

There are many tools and techniques available to understand and analyze a system at the architectural level. Each of these may provide its own perspective of the key architectural elements of the system. We introduce the process of architectural synthesis to deal with the problem of integrating these different architectural perspectives. We emphasize the utility of the synthesis process in supp...