The present study examines the effects of 3 kinds of glosses—first-language (L1) Chinese glosses plus second-language (L2) English example sentences, L1 in-text glosses, and L1 marginal glosses—in comparison with a no-gloss condition in reading an English passage, to explore whether providing glosses can facilitate reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. A total of 135 undergraduate b...

this paper examines the relationship between environmental law and intellectual property law in light of international documents and procedures. the key question raised here is the role of intellectual property law in conservation of global environment. in this regard, we can express two general approaches: the neutral theory of intellectual property right and the systemic theory of intellectua...

the aim of the research is to determine the concept of conflict, conflict management scope and approaches in managerial approaches based on islamic view. to achieve the goal, content analysis has been used. research data was collected from the books and articles in the context of management, human relations and organizational behavior reflecting islamic view. a number of 19 books and articles t...

divan school played an important role in modernism and modernity which were comprehensive in the early twentieth century. by a brief look at the poetries and odes it is founded that the school was about to found a new plan which weren't different from the classic poetry. one of the technical features is the simultaneous presence of english culture beside the arabic. from their point of vie...

rndetermination of rock mass deformation modulus is very important in different projects, especially in civil and mining engineering works. in-situ measurements such as dilatometer, plate load and flat jack methods may be applied to determine the deformation modulus. however, these methods are very expensive and time- consuming. analytical methods are very useful approaches which can also be us...

although many mathematics-based and heuristic approaches have been recently developed on optimally allocation of tcscs for lines overloads reduction and buses voltage stability enhancement during fault conditions, the works on the tcscs efficiency to achieve the abovementioned goals are rare. this idea that tcscs can surely enhance the system’s security must be comprehensively investigated. in ...