Gouranga C Nayak ∗ 1 Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA Abstract In this paper we derive a gauge fixing identity by varying the covariant gauge fixing term in Z[A, J, η, η̄] in the background field method of QCD in pure gauge. Using this gauge fixing identity we establish a relation between Z[J, η, η̄] in QCD and Z[A, J, η, η̄] in background field method of QCD in ...

The Renaissance was a cultural revolution that spread from Florence, in 1400, throughout Italy and into the rest of Europe. Its impetus was the philosophy of Humanism, which strove to resurrect and emulate the literature and art of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Artists had previously been limited to formulaic religious iconography. They now began to reproduce descriptions of classical painting...

Evidence from neurophysiological and psychological studies is coming together to shed light on how we represent and recognize objects. This review describes evidence supporting two major hypotheses: the first is that objects are represented in a mosaic-like form in which objects are encoded by combinations of complex, reusable features, rather than two-dimensional templates, or three-dimensiona...

A naturalistic experiment used an instrumented bicycle to gather proximity data from overtaking motorists. The relationship between rider position and overtaking proximity was the opposite to that generally believed, such that the further the rider was from the edge of the road, the closer vehicles passed. Additionally, wearing a bicycle helmet led to traffic getting significantly closer when o...

The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of Nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure application on the seed yield and yield components in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). The experiment was carried out at the RAN Research Station in Firouzkouh in 2012. A 4×4 factorial experiment, arranged in a randomized complete blocks designed with three replications. The treatments ...

The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of Nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure application on the seed yield and yield components in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). The experiment was carried out at the RAN Research Station in Firouzkouh in 2012. A 4×4 factorial experiment, arranged in a randomized complete blocks designed with three replications. The treatments ...

In computer science fixpoints play a crucial role. Most often least and greatest fixpoints are sufficient. However there are situations where other ones are needed. In this paper we study, on an algebraic base, a special fixpoint of the function f (x) = a · x that describes infinite iteration of an element a. We show that the greatest fixpoint is too imprecise. Special problems arise if the ite...

Bitcoin has been hailed as a new payment mechanism, and is currently accepted by millions of users. One of the major drawbacks of Bitcoin is the resource intensive Proof-of-Work computation. Proof-of-Work is used to establish the blockchain, but this proof of work does not bring any benefits and arguably is a waste of energy. To use these available resources in a more meaningful way, several al...

Concurrency bugs are widespread in multithreaded programs. Fixing them is time-consuming and error-prone. We present CFix, a system that automates the repair of concurrency bugs. CFix works with a wide variety of concurrency-bug detectors. For each failure-inducing interleaving reported by a bug detector, CFix first determines a combination of mutual-exclusion and order relationships that, once...

ion to improve programming productivity, which usually compromises target program performance. Transformation-based generators widen the quandary through deep factorization of operators and operands to amplify expressive power, but this explodes the search space. My hypothesis is that existing architectures are inadequate to achieve simultaneously high levels of abstraction, high performance ta...