BACKGROUND Apocrine metaplasia is occasionally superimposed on sclerosing adenosis (apocrine adenosis) in breast biopsies, and cytologic atypia is sometimes present (atypical apocrine adenosis). The long term risk of patients developing breast carcinoma subsequent to the diagnosis of this lesion is unknown. METHODS Atypical apocrine adenosis was defined as apocrine adenosis with enlarged nucl...

Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare, special type of breast carcinoma showing distinct morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features. Apocrine epithelium has a characteristic steroid receptor profile that is estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negative and androgen receptor positive. This combination of morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics is esse...

Introduction: Apocrine carcinoma (AC) is an uncommon variant of breast carcinoma. The incidence of apocrine carcinoma is approximately 4% of mammary carcinomas. Case Series: In this study five cases of apocrine breast carcinoma were identified. Three cases of apocrine breast carcinoma with infiltrating (IF) AC and two cases with intraductal (ID) AC. The cytologic featuers showed large malignant...

BACKGROUND T-cadherin is an atypical glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored member of the cadherin superfamily of adhesion molecules. The role of T-cadherin in biology of the skin is poorly understood. Expression of T-cadherin in basal keratinocytes and dermal blood vessels of the healthy epidermis has been demonstrated, but studies on expression in skin appendages are rare. METHODS We conduct...

Intraductal/intracystic papillary carcinoma (IPC) of the breast is defined as a malignant non-invasive papillary tumor arising from the ductal-lobular system. Based on the presence of myoepithelial cells in the cystic wall, IPC is distinguished from encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC). Here, we report a case of an intracystic apocrine papillary tumor in the breast of a 49-year-old woman. His...

UNLABELLED A case of a 45 year-old woman who presented with a perianal fistula was reported. Histologically, the excised lesion showed features of apocrine fibroadenoma. In addition, the lesion had both glandular and stromal growth patterns and active chronic inflammation in the background. Malignant or benign counterparts of these types of lesions are widely described in literature. However fi...

Apocrine hydrocystoma (AH) typically presents a translucent, skin-colored to bluish dome shaped cyst on the face, although it occurs in other sites [1]. It is not uncommon and occurs in adult life with no predilection for particular age group. Males and females are equally affected [2]. AH mimics basal cell carcinoma (BCC), blue nevus, amelanotic melanoma requiring histopathological confirmatio...

Apocrine adenocarcinomas are rare malignant skin adnexal tumours. Apocrine carcinoma of the nipple is extremely rare and this case to the author's knowledge is only the third reported case worldwide and the first with associated ductal carcinoma in situ elsewhere in the breast. A seventy one year old caucasian female presented to the breast clinic with a growth on her nipple which proved on his...