the seasonal abundance patterns of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, in cotton fields at gorgan in northern iran were studied during two growing seasons of 2002 and 2003. the spatial distribution of different developmental stages and morphs of the aphid was described by fitting data to poisson (random) and negative binomial (aggregated) dis-tributions, and calculating the dispersion indi...

أوضحت نتائج التجربة المختبرية لتقدير الكفاءة النسبية لمعاملات المستحضرات الفطرية في مكافحة نوعين من حشرات المَن هما Aphis gossypii و fabae أن المستحضر الفطري Lecanicillium muscarium هو الأكثر كفاءة باقي المستخدمة الدراسة وهي , Isaria fumosorosea Beauveria bassiania acridum Metarhizium إذ بلغت النسبة المصححة للموت بعد 7 أيام المعاملة لحوريات مَن القطن 92.8 % وللبالغات 88.78 حين كانت الباقلاء الأسو...

1 Title Page Chymase inhibition reduces infarction and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activation and attenuates inflammation and fibrosis following acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion Shizu Oyamada, MD, Cesario Bianchi, MD, PhD, Shinji Takai, PhD, Louis M. Chu, MD, Frank W. Sellke, MD Cardiovascular Research Center (SO, CB, LC, FS) Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (SO, CB, LC, FS) Rhode Island ...

To obtain accurate and reliable results from quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, it is necessary to select suitable reference genes as standards for normalizing target gene expression data. QRT-PCR is a popular analytical methodology for studying gene expression and it has been used widely in studies of Aphis gossypii Glover in recent years...

We review half a century of research on Cucumis melo resistance to Aphis gossypii from molecular to field levels. The Vat gene is unique in conferring resistance to both A. gossypii and the viruses it transmits. This double phenotype is aphid clone-dependent and has been observed in 25 melon accessions, mostly from Asia. It is controlled by a cluster of genes including CC-NLR, which has been ch...

Soil physical and chemical properties can affect plant growth and nutrition, which in turn can affect a plantÕs attractiveness and susceptibility to insect herbivores. A further source of variation in these relationships is the spatial scale at which patterns are measured. Both the size of the area being sampled, or scale, and the distance between measurements, or grain, are parameters that aff...

BACKGROUND The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a destructive insect pest worldwide; it directly or indirectly damages (virus transmission) 300 species of host plants. Knowledge of their ecologically adaptive mechanisms at the molecular level may provide an essential and urgent method to effectively control this pest. However, no transcriptome information is available for the cotton aphi...

In agrosystems, pests are submitted to strong human-imposed selective pressures to which they sometimes adapt rapidly, either through selection of genotypes resulting from mutation and ⁄or recombination events, or through phenotypic plasticity. Understanding how insects respond to such selective pressures is of great importance for sustainable pest management strategies, such as the use of resi...

Many insects are associated with heritable symbionts that mediate ecological interactions, including host protection against natural enemies. The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, is a polyphagous pest that harbors Hamiltonella defensa, which defends against parasitic wasps. Despite this protective benefit, this symbiont occurs only at intermediate frequencies in field populations. To identify fa...