Background. In a study of normal and abnormal growth of the aorta before birth, high-resolution echocardiographic imaging of the aortic arch in 92 normal fetuses aged 16-38 weeks was used to establish normal values for aortic arch dimensions at varying gestational ages. Methods and Results. From long-axis views of the aortic arch, the internal diameter of the aortic root, ascending aorta, trans...

Congenital abnormalities of the aortic arch include interrupted aortic arch (IAA), coarctation of the aorta (CoA), and double aortic arch (DAA). Aortic arch repair is difficult and postoperative complications are common. However, postoperative tracheobronchial stenosis with respiratory insufficiency is an uncommon complication and is usually caused by increased aortic anastomotic tension. We re...

BACKGROUND A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common form of congenital heart disease and is one of the most common cardiovascular anomalies in individuals with chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome. However, the frequency of a chromosome 22q11 deletion in patients with a VSD is not known. In addition, among patients with a VSD, it is not clear whether particular types of VSD or associa...

CT revealed also a right aortic arch, classified as an aortic anomaly of type III-A: A mirror image branching of the normal left aortic arch, according to Edward’s classification (Panel B). Type IIIB is the most frequent, followed by Type IIIA. The classification of aortic anomalies by Edward’s et al. is based on their theoretical concept of the development of the aortic arch. Right aortic arch...

Purpose The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the distribution of aortic arches, the relationship with demographic characteristics, and the results of carotid and vertebral artery stenting procedures in patients diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease through the intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) technique. Methods A retrospective examination was performed on...

The variant anatomy of the branches of the aortic arch is of profound surgical relevance. Altered course of these arteries, if unsuspected, could lead to accidental injury to these vessels and subsequent hemorrhage. During routine dissection of a sixty-five year old female cadaver of Indian origin, we observed a rare compendium of vascular variations in the anterior cervical region. These inclu...