Recent increases in the dosages of the essential antituberculosis agents isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), pyrazinamide (PZA) for use in children recommended by World Health Organization have raised concerns regarding the risk of hepatotoxicity. Published data relating to the incidence and pathogenesis of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH), particularly in children, is reviewe...

Fluoroquinolones are known widely used synthetic antibacterial agents. Generally, there were some obstacles associated with their therapeutic use. Moreover, many research studies all over the world proved variable biological effects of fluoroquinolones such as antituberculosis, anticancer, or even antiviral activities. The current review is focused on modifications that occurred in fluoroquinol...

Microbial metabolites have been an important source of tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics, but the last truly novel drug that was approved for the treatment of TB was discovered 40 years ago. In light of the growing threat of multi-drug resistance, recent advances have been made to accelerate the discovery rate of novel TB drugs including diversifying strategies for environmental strains, and high-...

A 24-year old female was admitted with multiple discharging sternal sinuses involving the whole sternum. The cultures grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The chest computed tomography (CT) (Figs. 1 and 2) showed the complete destruction of the sternum and paraspinal collection. Triple antituberculosis treatment, surgical drainage of the sternal and spinal abscess and adequate nutrition resulted in...

Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) and chylothorax are rare clinical disorders. The concurrence of these two disorders as manifestations of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis has not been reported. We report a 4-month-old boy presenting with chylothorax as the initial presentation of tuberculosis that has been successfully treated with octreotide, antituberculosis drugs and steroid therapy.

A method for detecting multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by using a reduction of resazurin is described. Eighty clinical isolates were evaluated against isoniazid and rifampin; results at 7 days were compared with those of the proportion method. Specificity and sensitivity were excellent. The method is simple, inexpensive, and rapid and might be used with other antituberculosis drugs.

Dihydropyridines (DHPs) with carboxamides in the 3 and 5 positions show anti-tuberculosis activity. The purpose of the present study was to synthesize new DHPs that would possibly possess anti-tuberculosis activity. So a series of N-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxamides (3-38) was prepared. They were screened as antitubercular agents against one type of fast growing Mycobacterium (M. smeg...

Three antituberculosis medications are investigated in this work consist of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide. The ultra violet (UV) spectra of these compounds are overlapped, thus use of suitable chemometric methods are helpful for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of them. A generalized version of net analyte signal standard addition method (GNASSAM) was used for determinatio...

Background: Lectin pathway mediates complement activation, which is activated by many microorganisms. This study aimed at determining the serum levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, assessing its relationship to antiuberculosis treatment response, and comparing them with a control group.    Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on...

The article describes the clinical case reports of patients with respiratory tuberculosis who were hospitalized at Regional Clinical Antituberculosis Center in Kursk. One them was pediatric department for organs and other 1st multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. As pathogenetic therapy complex treatment pulmonary tuberculosis, intensive phase anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, we added inhalation sur...