The retinas of certain catfish contain multiple optic discs. This report describes the patterns of optic nerve fibers and optic discs as seen in silver-stained flat mounts, in 11 different families of catfish. As many as 50 optic discs may exist in a single retina, in paired and unpaired combinations, and in slit and ring-like arrays.

Background and aim: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been suggested as a novel technique for decontamination of exposed implant surfaces. We aimed to evaluate the effect of aPDT on sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs contaminated with Eikenella corrodens (Ec) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Materials and methods: In this in-vitro study, twenty...

compare the effect of different ceramic thicknesses on degree of conversion (dc) of 3 light-cured resin cements. methods: in this experimental in-vitro study, the degree of conversion of three light-cured resin cements, variolink veneer (ivoclar, liechtenstein), relyx veneer (3m espe, usa) and choice2 (bisco, usa) were evaluated beneath feldespatic ceramic discs (vita vmk master) with a same sh...

Klebsiella species are one of the major causes systematic infections, theses gram negative organisms also capable housing various resistant genes to resist potency conventional antibiotics. These observations account for need assess antibacterial activity Gentamicin and natural products against Klebsiella. A total fifty (50) clinical isolates different pathological sources were collected from f...

Abstract Cupressus arizonica composed from several compounds such as quinones, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes,, tannins and phenolic compounds. polyphenolic considerable antioxidant potentials which related to the human health. The ethyl 95% extract of in different concentrations were measured inhibited against five bacterial isolates (E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Aeromonas sp., Salmonella sp...

OBJECTIVE To study the pathogenesis of the pain of discography and the discogenic low back pain. METHODS 19 specimens of lumbar intervertebral discs from 17 patients with discogenic low back pain during posterior lumbar interbody fusion, and 12 physiologically aging discs and 10 normal control discs were collected to investigate the morphologic features and innervation containing neuropeptide...

INTRODUCTION Nerve growth factor (NGF) has an important role in the generation of discogenic pain. We hypothesized that annular rupture is a trigger for discogenic pain through the action of NGF. In this study, the protein levels of NGF in discs from patients with disc herniation were examined and compared with those from discs of patients with other lumbar degenerative disc diseases. METHODS...