Cannabinoids produce anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic effects in acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. The current study investigated the role of cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) receptors in modulating formalin-induced nociceptive behavior and mechanical allodynia in the rat. Rats received subcutaneous plantar injections of 5% formalin in the hind paws. Licking, biting and paw flinch...

Pain is a highly complex and subjective experience that is not linearly related to the nociceptive input. What is clear from anecdotal reports over the centuries and more recently from animal and human experimentation is that nociceptive information processing and consequent pain perception is subject to significant pro- and anti-nociceptive modulations. These modulations can be initiated refle...

BACKGROUND People with chronic pain may exhibit pro-nociceptive phenotypes characterised partly by reduced conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Characterising variability in CPM in people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) may inform management. OBJECTIVES To investigate pro/anti-nociceptive effects of a CPM protocol in age/sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) and people with CLBP. DESIGN Case-c...

BACKGROUND Thiamine (VitB1) is a vitamin with various important physiological functions and postulated therapeutic effects. Its use as an analgesic in neuropathic pain has been undergoing in clinical settings. However, there has been little experimental investigation on this effect. In this study, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of thiamine were investigated in mice. METHODS Th...

The objective of present review was to provide comprehensive information on Cinnamomum camphora L. its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical, and pharmacological activities insights into potential opportunities for future research. A thorough literature search done gather all the available updates Kafūr mizāj (temperament), medicinal properties, traditional uses. Classical Unani books ethnomedicin...

Nowadays, opioids are well recognized as unsurpassed analgesics for relieving severe acute and chronic pain. However, as previously suggested (Scholz and Woolf, 2002), clinical pain is not a monolithic entity limited to integration of nociceptive inputs but is associated with neuronal plasticity that by increasing pain elicits pain hypersensitivity might lead to pain pathogenesis. In other word...

objectives: crocin, a constituent of saffron and yellow gardenia, possesses anti-nociceptive effects. in the present study, we investigated the effects of intra-fourth ventricle injection of crocin in a rat model of orofacial pain. the contribution of opioid system was assessed using intra-fourth ventricle injection of naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist. materials and methods: a guide cann...