In this article we would like to present a physical basis of virtual antenna array method which is based on electrodynamic principle of field source equivalence. Also, here are formulae and numerical relations for field description errors for the field at the edges of physical and virtual antenna arrays It is also demonstrated that the virtual antenna array method helps increase radio emitters ...

Light is found at the basis of bidirectional interfaces between digital systems and biological systems, including those in nano-bio-sensing nano-bio-actuation applications. Despite potentially very small size optical transceivers antennas, enabled by wavelength electromagnetic radiation, currently, existing commonly rely on macro-sized intrusive equipment, table-top microscopes spectroscopy fib...

Imaging radar has become a keen research topic in recent years. UWB technology provides many advantages to imaging radar such as fine resolution and high power efficiency. The performance of a UWB imaging radar can be further improved by applying polarimetric diversity. The polarimetric signature of objects can be used to enhance the quality of target recognition. Like any other wireless system...

This paper describes the radiation characteristics of crank-line antennas radiating a circularly polarized wave. First, the radiation efficiency versus substrate permittivity is evaluated. Second, a 12-cell crank-line antenna of substrate permittivity "r = 1 and antenna height B = 11:85=8 is investigated as a reference antenna, where 11:85 is the wavelength at a frequency of 11.85 GHz. It is fo...

Previous results have shown channel capacity of multiple-antenna array communication systems linearly scales with the number of antennas. In reality, by increasing the number of antennas within a fixed region of space the antenna array become dense and spatial correlation (non-ideal antenna placement) significantly limits the capacity. In this paper, we derive a spatial precoder which eliminate...