نتایج جستجو برای: annual income from non
تعداد نتایج: 6450090 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Although theory emphasizes the role of financial market frictions in explaining income inequality, there is little empirical research exploring how financial development and financial sector reforms influence the evolution of income inequality. This paper examines how finance impacts on income inequality in India using annual time series data for over half a century. The results indicate that w...
BACKGROUND Long term illness has far reaching impacts on individuals, and also places a large burden upon government. This paper quantifies the indirect economic impacts of illness related early retirement on individuals and government in Australia in 2009. METHODS The output data from a microsimulation model, Health&WealthMOD, was analysed. Health&WealthMOD is representative of the 45 to 64 ...
This paper introduces a new comprehensive panel of annual state-level income inequality measures spanning the postwar period 1945–2004. For many states, the share of income held by the top decile experienced a prolonged period of stability after World War II, followed by a substantial increase in inequality during the 1980s and 1990s. This paper also presents an examination of the long-run rela...
The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the culling of dairy cows and their impact on reproductive performance and costs of the herd so that optimal decisions can be made in replacing dairy cows and thereby increase the annual income of dairy cattle. For this purpose, data collected from four active cattle breeding units in Ardabil province (including biological parameters a...
This paper seeks to determine how demographic and non-demographic factors have contributed to past changes in Canada’s real housing prices as well as their possible impact over the next twenty years. To this goal, we estimate with annual data from 1956 to1997 a structural model of the Canadian housing market. This model possesses two important long-run properties, that is, the longrun supply cu...
KEY FINDINGS (1) Almost half of the families with chronic conditions in high-deductible health plans reported health care related financial burdens, compared with 21 percent of families in traditional health plans. (2) Almost twice as many lower-income families in high-deductible health plans spend more than 3 percent of their annual income on health care expenses than lower-income families in ...
Abstract The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between “direct and indirect taxes” and “inequality of income distribution” in Iran. So, we have used annual time series data of the direct taxes to GDP ratio, indirect taxes to GDP ratio, and the Gini coefficient during 1982-2014. The results of the threshold unit root tests with an asymmetric adjustment show that all va...
this research was conducted to examine the effect of a concurrent training on rest level of leptin of plasma and some hormonal factors in non-athlete subjects. the research population included non-athlete men who didn’t participate in any organized sport activities. 30 men were chosen voluntarily among the above-mentioned population and were divided into 2 groups: experimental (15 subjects) an...
BACKGROUND The number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is increasing in the UK. This study estimated the annual population cost of providing HIV services in the UK, 1997-2006 and projected them 2007-2013. METHODS Annual cost of HIV treatment for PLHIV by stage of HIV infection and type of ART was calculated (UK pounds, 2006 prices). Population costs were derived by multiplying the number of ...
What factors determine the spatial heterogeneity of household energy consumption (HEC) in China? Can the impacts of these factors be quantified? What are the trends and characteristics of the spatial differences? To date, these issues are still unclear. Based on the STIRPAT model and panel dataset for 30 provinces in China over the period 1997–2013, this paper investigated influences of the inc...
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